ReviewIndian journal of pediatrics2023
Childhood Pneumonia: What's Unchanged, and What's New?
Review in Indian journal of pediatrics, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evidence-Based Guideline on Prioritized Issues for the Management of Empyema Thoracis in Children.Indian pediatrics · 2026Guideline
- Acetylcysteine combined with budesonide nebulized inhalation for the treatment of pneumonia in children: a meta-analysis.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Clinical role of miR-1271-5p in severe pediatric pneumonia and its prognostic value.BMC immunology · 2026Article
- Assessment ofOpen veterinary journal · 2026Article
- Article
- Systemic Inflammatory Response Index Has a Value for the Early Diagnosis and Short-Term Prognostic Assessment of Severe Pneumonia in the Elderly.Canadian respiratory journal · 2026Article
- Immunopathogenesis of severe pneumonia in children with emphasis on CD4+ T cells, Tim-3 and cytokine-mediated immune dysregulation.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- METTL3 aggravates lung injury in neonatal mice withInfection and immunity · 2025Article
- The Burden of Hospitalization Due toHealth science reports · 2025Review
- Detection of pneumonia in children through chest radiographs using artificial intelligence in a low-resource setting: A pilot study.PLOS digital health · 2025Article
- Can Lung Ultrasound Act as a Diagnosis and Monitoring Tool in Children with Community Acquired Pneumonia? Correlation with Risk Factors, Clinical Indicators and Biologic Results.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomal CBLB ameliorates infantile pneumonia progression probably by ubiquitinating MAPK14.Journal of inflammation (London, England) · 2025Article
- Bacterial isolates, antibiotic susceptibility, and determinants of positive blood culture in children with community-acquired pneumonia in Central Tanzania.The Pan African medical journal · 2025Article
- A high-calorie diet exacerbates lipopolysaccharide-induced pneumonia by promoting acetate-mediated macrophage polarization via the HDAC9/10-HIF-1α-glycolysis axis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Integrated nursing and medical management improves outcomes in pediatric lobar pneumonia: a randomized controlled study.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Article
- [Analysis of multidrug resistance gene locus mutations and clinical significance in children withZhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics · 2024Article
- Prevalence of Atypical Bacteria in Patients from Different Paediatric Age Groups Diagnosed with a Respiratory Disease.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- Efficacy of budesonide/formoterol inhalation powder in treating viral pneumonia in children.World journal of clinical cases · 2024Article
- Can Complete Blood Count Parameters and Serum Electrolyte Levels Have a Predictive Role in Differential Diagnosis of Tuberculosis from Community-acquired Pneumonia in Children?Turkish archives of pediatrics · 2024Article
- Reduced antiviral gene expression and elevated CXCL8 expression in peripheral blood are associated with severe hypoxemia in RSV-infected children.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Childhood pneumonia is still a significant clinical and public health problem. India contributes the highest number of deaths due to pneumonia, accounts for about 20% of global mortality among under five children. Various etiologic agents including bacteria, viruses and atypical organism are responsible for childhood pneumonia. Recent studies suggest that viruses are one of the major causes of childhood pneumonia. Among viruses, respiratory syncytial virus has got great attention and several recent studies are reporting it as an important organism for pneumonia. Lack of exclusive breast feeding during first six months, improper timing of start and content of complimentary feeding, anemia, undernutrition, indoor pollution due to tobacco smoking and use of coal and wood for cooking food and lack of vaccinations are important risk factors. X-ray chest is not routinely performed to diagnose pneumonia while use of lung ultrasound is increasing to detect consolidation, pleural effusion, pneumothorax and pulmonary edema (interstitial syndrome). Role of C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin is similar, to differentiate between viral and bacterial pneumonia, however duration of antibiotics is better guided by procalcitonin. Newer biomarkers like IL-6, presepsin and triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 are needed to be evaluated for their use in children. Hypoxia is significantly associated with childhood pneumonia. Therefore, use of pulse oximetry should be encouraged for early detection and prompt treatment of hypoxia to prevent adverse outcomes. Among the available tools for risk of mortality assessment in children due to pneumonia, PREPARE score is the best but external validation will be needed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.