Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37204335›Full record

ArticleMilitary psychology : the official journal of the Division of Military Psychology, American Psychological Association2024

Military experiences, connection to military identity, and time since military discharge as predictors of United States veteran suicide risk.

Emily Edwards, Terra Osterberg, Brettland Coolidge, Ashley L Greene, Gabriella Epshteyn, Daniel Gorman, Danny Ruiz, Paul El-Meouchy

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Military psychology : the official journal of the Division of Military Psychology, American Psychological Association, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
1.3field-weighted citation impact, top 21% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. "Once a Soldier, always a Soldier" until you're not: The effect of identity loss on mental health and well-being following military discharge.Military psychology : the official journal of the Division of Military Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2026
    Article
  2. Self-compassion, mindfulness, and emotion regulation predict multiple dimensions of quality of life in US post-9/11 veterans.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Emily EdwardsDepartment of Veterans Affairs, VISN 2 MIRECC, Bronx, New York.ORCID 0000-0003-1030-6380
Terra OsterbergDepartment of Veterans Affairs, VISN 2 MIRECC, Bronx, New York.
Brettland CoolidgeDepartment of Veterans Affairs, VISN 2 MIRECC, Bronx, New York.
Ashley L GreeneDepartment of Veterans Affairs, VISN 2 MIRECC, Bronx, New York.
Gabriella EpshteynDepartment of Veterans Affairs, VISN 2 MIRECC, Bronx, New York.
Daniel GormanDepartment of Veterans Affairs, VISN 2 MIRECC, Bronx, New York.
Danny RuizDepartment of Veterans Affairs, VISN 2 MIRECC, Bronx, New York.
Paul El-MeouchyDepartment of Veterans Affairs, VISN 2 MIRECC, Bronx, New York.
Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Centers · USUniversity of Central Florida · USUniversity of Rhode Island · USYale University · US

Funding

VA
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Veterans navigating the military-to-civilian transition appear at elevated risk for suicide. However, research on the transition-suicide association often fails to consider co-occurring risk factors. The independent association of time since military discharge and suicide among veterans therefore remains unclear. Data from 1,495 post-Vietnam community veterans provided estimates of suicide risk, military-based stressful experiences, connection to military identity, and recency of military discharge. Hierarchical regression analyses examined independent, incremental utility of factors associated with suicide risk after controlling for quality of life, age, and duration of military service among the total veteran sample and a subsample discharged from military service within five years prior. The resulting model explained 41% of variance in suicide risk in the total veteran sample and 51% of variance in suicide risk in the recently discharged subsample. Recency of discharge, combat exposure, moral injury, poor quality of life, and poor psychological wellness showed statistically significant, independent associations with suicide risk, whereas connection to military identity did not show significant, independent associations. Results highlight the salience of the military-to-civilian transition as an independent risk factor for veteran suicide even after controlling for military-based stressful experiences, military identity, quality of life, age, and service duration.

Indexed as

SuicideVeteransAdultAgedFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedMilitary PersonnelQuality of LifeRisk FactorsSocial IdentificationStress, PsychologicalTime FactorsUnited Statescombat exposureidentitymoral injurysuicidetransitionVeteran

Identifiers

PMID37204335
PMCPMC11407380
OpenAlexW4377093646

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.