ArticleBrain and behavior2023
Dimensions of apathy in Parkinson's disease.
Article in Brain and behavior, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Low-frequency activity in the subthalamic nucleus informs about the acute neuropsychiatric state in Parkinson's disease.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2026Article
- Parkinson's disease beyond motor symptoms: a review of the validity and limitations of current classification of non-motor symptoms.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Review
- Redefining Non-Motor Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease.Journal of personalized medicine · 2025Review
- Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease with Bilateral Dorsal Striatum Lesion with 6-Hydroxydopamine Exhibits Cognitive Apathy-like Behavior.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Treatment of Apathy in Parkinson's Disease and Implications for Underlying Pathophysiology.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Daily Habits in Parkinson's Disease: Validation of the Daily Habit Scale.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2023Article
- Dimensions of apathy in Parkinson's disease.Brain and behavior · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionApathy is one of the most common neuropsychiatric manifestations in Parkinson's disease (PD). Recent proposals consider apathy as a multidimensional construct, which can manifest in behavioral, cognitive, emotional, and/or social dimensions. Apathy also overlaps conceptually and clinically with other non-motor comorbidities, particularly depression. Whether all of these dimensions are applicable to the apathetic syndrome experienced by people with PD is unclear. In the present study, we investigated the multidimensional pattern of apathy associated with PD, using the recently developed Apathy Motivation Index (AMI) which probes behavioral, emotional, and social apathy dimensions. We then examined the relationship between these dimensions and other features of PD commonly associated with apathy, including depression, anxiety, cognition, and motor state.
methodsA total of 211 participants were identified from the New Zealand Brain Research Institute (NZBRI) longitudinal PD cohort. One hundred eight patients and 45 controls completed the AMI, administered as an online questionnaire, and additional assessments including neuropsychiatric, neuropsychological, and motor scores. The pattern of dimensional apathy in PD was assessed using a repeated-measured analysis of variance, while simple linear regressions were performed to evaluate relationships between these dimensions and other variables.
resultsWe found a significant interaction between group (PD versus control) and apathy subscale, driven mainly by higher levels of social and behavioral-but not emotional-apathy in those with PD. This result was strikingly similar to a previous study investigating social apathy in PD. Distinct patterns of dimensional apathy were associated with depression and anxiety, with social and behavioral apathy positively associated with depression, and emotional apathy negatively associated with anxiety.
conclusionThis work provides further evidence for a distinct pattern of apathy in people with PD in which deficits manifest in some-but not all-dimensions of motivated behavior. It emphasizes the importance of considering apathy as a multidimensional construct in clinical and research settings.
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