ArticleCancer causes & control : CCC2023
Physical activity, obesity, and bladder cancer incidence.
Article in Cancer causes & control : CCC, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genome-wide association study and Mendelian randomization analyses reveal insights into bladder cancer etiology.JNCI cancer spectrum · 2025Pooled it
- Sedentary behaviour and cancer risk: a World Cancer Research Fund International Global Cancer Update Programme (CUP Global) systematic literature review and meta-analysis.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Interferon-Based Therapeutics in Cancer Therapy: Past, Present, and Future.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Leisure-time physical activity after diagnosis and survival by cancer type: a pooled analysis.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2025Article
- Risk Factors and Prevention of Cancer and CVDs: A Chicken and Egg Situation.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Molecular Markers for Bladder Cancer Screening: An Insight into Bladder Cancer and FDA-Approved Biomarkers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Interferon gene therapy with nadofaragene firadenovec for bladder cancer: from bench to approval.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeCigarette smoking is an established risk factor for bladder cancer (BC), but evidence for physical inactivity and obesity is limited.
methodsThis analysis included 146,027 participants from the Cancer Prevention Study-II (CPS-II) Nutrition Cohort, a large prospective cohort of cancer incidence established in 1992. Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine associations between body mass index (BMI), moderate-to-vigorous intensity aerobic physical activity (MVPA), leisure-time spent sitting, and BC risk. Effect modification by stage, smoking status, and sex was examined.
resultsOnly participants accumulating 15.0- < 30.0 MET-hrs/wk of MVPA had a lower risk of BC overall (RR 0.88, 95% CI 0.78, 0.99, compared to > 0-7.5 MET-hrs/wk) in the fully adjusted models. When stratifying on BC stage, MVPA (15- < 30 MET-hrs/wk vs. > 0- < 7.5 MET-hrs/wk, RR 0.83, 95% CI 0.70-0.99) and excess sitting time (≥ 6 h/day vs. 0- < 3 h/day RR 1.22, 95% CI 1.02, 1.47) were associated with risk of invasive BC only. There was no consistent evidence for effect modification by smoking status or sex.
conclusionThis study supports that MVPA and sitting time may play a role in BC incidence, but associations likely differ by stage at diagnosis. While additional studies are needed to confirm associations by stage, this study adds to the evidence of the importance of being physically active for cancer prevention.
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Registered trials
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