Observational studyGraefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie2023
Fractal analysis of the macular region in healthy eyes using swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography.
Observational study in Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Choriocapillaris Flow and Retinal Vascular Fractal Dimension in Dry Age-Related Macular Degeneration.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Postoperative Proliferation Detection in Eyes Treated for Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment by WideField OCT Angiography.Translational vision science & technology · 2024Article
- Inner Retinal Microvasculature With Refraction in Juvenile Rhesus Monkeys.Translational vision science & technology · 2024Article
- Choriocapillaris and Retinal Vascular Alterations in Presymptomatic Alzheimer's Disease.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- Innovative Macula Capillaries Plexuses Visualization with OCTA B-Scan Graph Representation: Transforming OCTA B-Scan into OCTA Graph Representation.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeThis cross-sectional observational study evaluated the relationship between retinal vascular fractal dimension (FD) and age, as well as other vascular parameters in healthy eyes using swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA).
methodsThe study cohort consisted of 222 eyes of 116 healthy participants with no ocular or systemic disease. SS-OCTA images were captured and analyzed using the Plex Elite 9000 and software tools available in the advanced retinal imaging (ARI) network hub. The retinal vascular layers were defined by the instrument's automatic retinal layer segmentation. The fractal analysis was performed on the superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP), and the whole retina. Grayscale OCTA images were standardized and binarized using ImageJ and fractal box-counting analyses were performed using Fractalyse software. Pearson's correlation was used to analyze the correlation between FD and retinal vascular parameters.
resultsThe results showed that FD values were significantly higher in the 6 mm ring and the whole 6 × 6 scan region when compared to the 1 mm ETDRS central subfield. The correlation between age and FD was weak with a significant positive correlation between age and FD of the SCP in the 6 mm ring and between age and FD of the DCP in the 1 mm ring. Overall, differences in FD values in these healthy eyes were extremely small regardless of age or macular location.
conclusionFD values in normal eyes show little variation with age and are relatively stable across the macula. This suggests that FD values may not need adjustment for age or location when evaluated in the context of retinal disease.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.