ReviewTropical medicine and health2023
Malaria vaccines: the 60-year journey of hope and final success-lessons learned and future prospects.
Review in Tropical medicine and health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Public awareness and acceptance of malaria vaccine in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- Safety and immunogenicity of BK-SE36/CpG malaria vaccine in healthy Burkinabe adults and children: a phase 1b randomised, controlled, double-blinded, age de-escalation trial.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Trial
- Repeated Immunization Drives Coordinated Ag Presentation Associated With B- and CD8Immune network · 2026Article
- The Role of Medical Mistrust in Vaccination Decisions in Rural, Indigenous Namibian Communities.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Plasmodium falciparum PfMyoF contains a Rab-like tail domain and associates with perinuclear membrane trafficking proteins.Communications biology · 2026Article
- The persistent threat of malaria in Bishoftu Town: twelve-year trends and their implications for Addis Ababa.BMC research notes · 2026Article
- Awareness, acceptability and determinants of the new malaria vaccine among caregivers of under-five children in Asaba, Nigeria: a multi-centre cross-sectional study.Malaria journal · 2026Article
- A Multivalent Peptide Vaccine Against Malaria, Targeting Plasmodium Circumsporozoite Protein and Mosquito AgTRIO.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Caregivers awareness, knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions towards malaria vaccine in Kole and Kwania Districts, Northern Uganda.Malaria journal · 2026Article
- Poly(I:C) and R848 adjuvants elicit sizeable humoral immunity to liver stage malaria antigens.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Targeted Sequencing Identifies SNPs Associated with Antimalarial Drug Resistance and the CSP Vaccine Antigen inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- From Yesterday to Tomorrow: How Vaccine Platforms Have Shaped the Vaccine and Treatment Evaluation Units.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025Article
- Overview of the host immune response toJournal of parasitic diseases : official organ of the Indian Society for Parasitology · 2025Review
- Anti-Infective Properties, Cytotoxicity, andPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- An mRNA Vaccine Expressing Blood-Stage Malaria Antigens Induces Complete Protection Against LethalVaccines · 2025Article
- Androgens inhibit protective CD8Nature communications · 2025Article
- A Plasmodium LARC GAP provides preerythrocytic, stage and species transcending protection in mice.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- China's Malaria R&D Innovations: A Scoping Review from 2013-2023.China CDC weekly · 2025Article
- Mitigation of Malaria in Sub-Saharan Africa through Vaccination: A Budding Road Map for Global Malaria Eradication.Ethiopian journal of health sciences · 2025Review
- Unveiling mismatch of RTS S AS01 and R21 Matrix M malaria vaccines haplotype among Ethiopian Plasmodium falciparum clinical isolates.Scientific reports · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe world has made great strides towards beating malaria, although about half of the world population is still exposed to the risk of contracting malaria. Developing an effective malaria vaccine was a huge challenge for medical science. In 2021 the World Health Organization (WHO) approved the first malaria vaccine, RTS,S/AS01 vaccine (Mosquirix™), for widespread use. This review highlights the history of development, and the different approaches and types of malaria vaccines, and the literature to date. It covers the developmental stages of RTS,S/AS01 and recommends steps for its deployment. The review explores other potential vaccine candidates and their status, and suggests options for their further development. It also recommends future roles for vaccines in eradicating malaria. Questions remain on how RTS,S vaccine will work in widespread use and how it can best be utilized to benefit vulnerable communities.
conclusionMalaria vaccines have been in development for almost 60 years. The RTS,S/AS01 vaccine has now been approved, but cannot be a stand-alone solution. Development should continue on promising candidates such as R21, PfSPZ and P. vivax vaccines. Multi-component vaccines may be a useful addition to other malaria control techniques in achieving eradication of malaria.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.