ArticleBMC geriatrics2023
Prognostic significance of frailty in hospitalized elderly patients with community-acquired pneumonia: a retrospective cohort study.
Article in BMC geriatrics, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine injections for older adults with community-acquired pneumonia: An evidence map.Medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Impact of frailty on pneumonia outcomes in older patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European geriatric medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Factors influencing antibiotic use in confirmed viral respiratory tract infections.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2026Observational
- Predictors of secondary cardiovascular events in older adults with community-acquired pneumonia: a prospective observational study.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2026Article
- Systemic corticosteroids for severe community-acquired pneumonia: a narrative review of mechanisms and critical appraisal of recent trials in ICU.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2026Review
- Frailty as a Key Determinant of In-Hospital Mortality in 58,040 Patients with Community-Acquired Pneumonia: Evidence from a Chilean Cohort.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Pyroptosis endotypes and nonlinear biomarker-mortality relationships in older adults with community-acquired pneumonia: the amplifying role of malnutrition.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Adjunctive Chaihu Guizhi Tang combined with Maxing Shigan Tang and short-term clinical recovery in hospitalized older adults with community-acquired pneumonia: a prospective non-randomized controlled study.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Self-organising map clustering identifies high-risk clusters of post-acute mortality in a prospective multicentre study of community-acquired pneumonia.ERJ open research · 2026Article
- Factors associated with pneumococcal vaccination uptake in over 50s in Ireland: a cross-sectional study using results from the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA).BMJ public health · 2026Article
- Predictive value of bedside lung ultrasound, quantitative chest CT, and frailty assessment for short-term outcomes in elderly patients with severe pneumonia: a pilot study.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2025Article
- Association Between the Frailty Index Based on Laboratory Tests and All-Cause Mortality in Hospitalized Older Adults: Retrospective Cohort Study.JMIR aging · 2025Article
- Analysis of frailty change trajectories and its risk factors in patients with gastrointestinal tumor surgery: a prospective observational longitudinal study.World journal of surgical oncology · 2025Observational
- Association between preexisting long-term care needs and in-hospital mortality and long-term outcomes in older inpatients with pneumonia: A retrospective cohort study.Journal of general and family medicine · 2025Article
- A Systematic Comparison of Age, Comorbidity and Frailty of Two Defined ICU Populations in the German Helios Hospital Group from 2016-2021.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Potential role of serological biomarkers in the diagnosis and prediction of community-acquired pneumonia in elderly individuals.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- FI-Lab predicts all-cause mortality, but not successful rehabilitation, among patients aged 65 and older after hip or pelvic fracture.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes of malnutrition in older adults hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia: a retrospective study.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Steroids in severe community-acquired pneumonia.Breathe (Sheffield, England) · 2024Article
- Comparing Outcomes of Community-Acquired Pneumonia Patients Discharged from General Medicine and Respiratory Units in Australia: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundFrailty is associated with poor prognosis in a wide range of illnesses. However, its prognostic implications for older patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) are not adequately addressed.
methodsIn this study, patients were classified into 3 groups according to the frailty index based on standard laboratory tests (FI-Lab) score: robust (FI-Lab < 0.2), pre-frail (FI-Lab 0.2-0.35), and frail (FI-Lab ≥ 0.35). The relationships between frailty and all-cause mortality and short-term clinical outcomes (length of stay, duration of antibiotic therapy, in-hospital mortality) were examined.
resultsFinally, 1164 patients were included, the median age was 75 years (interquartile range: 69, 82), and 438 patients (37.6%) were women. According to FI-Lab, 261(22.4%), 395(33.9%), and 508(43.6%) were robust, pre-frail, and frail. After adjustment for confounding variables, frailty was independently associated with prolonged antibiotic treatment (p = 0.037); pre-frailty and frailty were independently associated with longer inpatient days (p < 0.05 for both). The risk of in-hospital mortality was independently increased in frail patients (HR = 5.01, 95% CI = 1.51-16.57, p = 0.008) but not pre-frail patients (HR = 2.87, 95% CI = 0.86-9.63, p = 0.088) compared to robust patients. During a median follow-up of 33.9 months (interquartile range: 32.8 to 35.1 months), 408 (35.1%) patients died, of whom 29 (7.1%) were robust, 112 (27.5%) were pre-frail, and 267 (65.9%) were frail. Compared to robust patients, frail and pre-frail were significantly associated with increased risk for all-cause death (HR = 4.29, 95%CI: 1.78-10.35 and HR = 2.42 95%CI: 1.01-5.82, respectively).
conclusionsFrailty is common among older patients with CAP and is strongly associated with increased mortality, longer length of stay, and duration of antibiotics. A routine frail assessment at the admission of elderly patients with CAP is necessary as the first step for appropriate multidisciplinary interventions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.