Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37197949›Full record

ArticleTobacco control2024

What types of e-liquid products were more likely to offer price promotions?

Qian Yang, Shaoying Ma, Yanyun He, Zefeng Qiu, Jian Chen, Ce Shang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Tobacco control, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Qian YangCenter for Tobacco Research, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8797-1824
Shaoying MaCenter for Tobacco Research, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6086-0622
Yanyun HeCenter for Tobacco Research, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6279-6102
Zefeng QiuComputer Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Jian ChenComputer Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Ce ShangCenter for Tobacco Research, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA ce.shang@osumc.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-8838-4250

Funding

The impact of ENDS tax policies on the consumption of ENDS and cigarettesR21CA249757 · NCI · OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY · PI SHANG, CE · 2021 to 2021
$401k
NCI NIH HHS R21 CA249757
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionThe present study empirically examined the association between price discounts and product attributes of e-liquids sold by online retailers.

methodsWe analysed 14 000 e-liquid products from five major online e-cigarette retailers between April and May 2021 to determine the association between price discounts and product attributes such as nicotine level and form, flavour and vegetable glycerine/propylene glycol ratio. A fixed-effects model was used in the analysis and discounts were calculated in US cents/mL of e-liquid volume.

resultsOut of 14 407 e-liquid products, 92.5% were offered at a discounted price. On average, the price discount for the 13 324 products that had discounts was 16.84 cents/mL across the five stores. Among the three forms of nicotine (salt, freebase and nicotine free), salt e-liquids had the highest average price discount.

conclusionOur findings suggest that e-liquids with salt nicotine have a higher average price discount when sold online, which may influence consumer purchasing behaviour. Further research is needed to assess the potential impact of these discounts on youth and adult tobacco use. Policymakers may consider implementing measures to limit online price discounts for e-liquids as a means of reducing sales among young people.

Indexed as

CommerceConsumer BehaviorElectronic Nicotine Delivery SystemsNicotineFlavoring AgentsHumansInternetMarketingVapingFlavoring AgentsNicotineAdvertising and PromotionElectronic nicotine delivery devicesNicotinePriceTobacco industry

Identifiers

PMID37197949
PMCPMC10915894

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.