ArticleDiabetes care2023
At-Home Use of a Pregnancy-Specific Zone-MPC Closed-Loop System for Pregnancies Complicated by Type 1 Diabetes: A Single-Arm, Observational Multicenter Study.
Article in Diabetes care, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04492566 (Supervised Safety and Feasibility Evaluation of the Zone-MPC Control Algorithm Integrated Into the iAPS in Pregnant Patients With Type 1 Diabetes With Extension Into Outpatient at Home), which is not on this map. Cited by 22 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Supervised Safety and Feasibility Evaluation of the Zone-MPC Control Algorithm Integrated Into the iAPS in Pregnant Patients With Type 1 Diabetes With Extension Into Outpatient at Home
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Automated insulin delivery in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Acta diabetologica · 2025Pooled it
- Automated insulin delivery in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Acta diabetologica · 2025Pooled it
- Randomized Trial of Assisted Hybrid Closed-Loop Therapy Versus Sensor-Augmented Pump Therapy in Pregnancy.Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2024Trial
- Pregnancy and glycemic outcomes with hybrid closed-loop insulin delivery versus sensor-augmented pump therapy among women with type 1 diabetes.Pregnancy (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Review
- Twelve-Month Real-World Use of an Advanced Hybrid Closed-Loop System Versus Previous Therapy in a Dutch Center For Specialized Type 1 Diabetes Care.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2026Article
- Impact of Automated Insulin Delivery on Glycemic Profile and Maternal/Neonatal Outcomes in Pregnancy: A Review of the Evidence From Observational Studies.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2026Review
- Practical Approach to Continuous Glucose Monitoring Interpretation and Automated Insulin Delivery Use in Pregnancy: Considerations for Obstetric Providers.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2026Article
- Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes in Pregnancies With Type 1 Diabetes and Controls During a 15-Year Period (2006-2020).Mayo Clinic proceedings. Innovations, quality & outcomes · 2025Article
- Artificial Pancreas: The First 20 Years.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2025Article
- Research Gaps, Challenges, and Opportunities in Automated Insulin Delivery Systems.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2025Review
- Metabolic Models, in Silico Trials, and Algorithms.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2025Review
- Metabolic Models, in Silico Trials, and Algorithms.Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2025Review
- Research Gaps, Challenges, and Opportunities in Automated Insulin Delivery Systems.Diabetes technology & therapeutics · 2025Review
- Personalized Model Identification for Glucose Dynamics From Clinical Data With Incomplete Inputs.IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering · 2025Article
- Optimizing Automated Insulin Delivery Systems for Pregnancy.Diabetes spectrum : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2025Article
- Automated Insulin Delivery for Pregnant Women With Type 1 Diabetes: Where Do We Stand?Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2024Review
- Use of Automated Insulin Delivery in Pregnancies Complicated by Type 1 Diabetes.TouchREVIEWS in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Technology advances in diabetes pregnancy: right technology, right person, right time.Diabetologia · 2024Review
- An automated insulin delivery system from pregestational care to postpartum in women with type 1 diabetes. Preliminary experience with telemedicine in 6 patients.Acta diabetologica · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
21 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveThere are no commercially available hybrid closed-loop insulin delivery systems customized to achieve pregnancy-specific glucose targets in the U.S. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and performance of at-home use of a zone model predictive controller-based closed-loop insulin delivery system customized for pregnancies complicated by type 1 diabetes (CLC-P). RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsPregnant women with type 1 diabetes using insulin pumps were enrolled in the second or early third trimester. After study sensor wear collecting run-in data on personal pump therapy and 2 days of supervised training, participants used CLC-P targeting 80-110 mg/dL during the day and 80-100 mg/dL overnight running on an unlocked smartphone at home. Meals and activities were unrestricted throughout the trial. The primary outcome was the continuous glucose monitoring percentage of time in the target range 63-140 mg/dL versus run-in.
resultsTen participants (HbA1c 5.8 ± 0.6%) used the system from mean gestational age of 23.7 ± 3.5 weeks. Mean percentage time in range increased 14.1 percentage points, equivalent to 3.4 h per day, compared with run-in (run-in 64.5 ± 16.3% versus CLC-P 78.6 ± 9.2%; P = 0.002). During CLC-P use, there was significant decrease in both time over 140 mg/dL (P = 0.033) and the hypoglycemic ranges of less than 63 mg/dL and 54 mg/dL (P = 0.037 for both). Nine participants exceeded consensus goals of above 70% time in range during CLC-P use.
conclusionsThe results show that the extended use of CLC-P at home until delivery is feasible. Larger, randomized studies are needed to further evaluate system efficacy and pregnancy outcomes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.