ArticlePediatric pulmonology2023
Exposure to violence and asthma in Puerto Rican youth with high Th2 immunity.
Article in Pediatric pulmonology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- Violence-Related Distress, Nasal Epithelial Gene Expression, and T17-High Asthma in Youth.Pediatric pulmonology · 2026Pooled it
- Impact of Chronic Stress and Trauma on Asthma Pathophysiology and Outcomes.Current allergy and asthma reports · 2026Review
- Exposure to Violence and Asthma Endotypes in Puerto Rican Youth.Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2025Article
- Asthma: Biomedical and Psychobiological Perspectives.Biopsychosocial science and medicine · 2025Review
- Health Disparities in Pediatric Asthma.Respiratory care · 2025Review
- The effects of violence and related stress on asthma.Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLittle is known about the determinants of asthma among youth with high T helper 2 (Th2) immunity. We hypothesized that exposure to violence (ETV) and violence-related distress are associated with asthma in children and adolescents with high Th2 immunity.
methodsWe analyzed data from Puerto Ricans with high Th2 immunity aged 9-20 years in the Puerto Rico Genetics of Asthma and Lifestyle (PR-GOAL) and the Epigenetic Variation of Childhood Asthma in Puerto Ricans (EVA-PR) studies, and in a prospective study (PROPRA). High Th2-immunity was defined as ≥1 positive allergen-specific IgE and/or a total IgE ≥ 100 IU/mL and/or an eosinophil count ≥ 150 cells/μL. Asthma was defined as physician-diagnosed asthma and current wheeze. ETV and violence-related distress were assessed with the validated ETV Scale and Checklist of Children's Distress Symptoms (CCDS) questionnaires, respectively.
resultsIn multivariable analyses, each 1-point increment in ETV score was significantly associated with 1.13-1.17 times increased odds of asthma in PR-GOAL and in EVA-PR (both at p ≤ 0.01), and each 1-point increment in CCDS score was significantly associated with 1.53-1.54 increased odds of asthma in PR-GOAL and in EVA-PR (both at p ≤ 0.03). Further, a persistently high ETV score was significantly associated with asthma in PROPRA (odds ratio [OR] = 2.83, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.10-7.29). Similar results were obtained in a sensitivity analysis using an eosinophil count ≥ 300 cells/μL instead of ≥150 cells/μL to define high Th2 immunity.
conclusionsETV during childhood is associated with increased risk of persistent or new-onset asthma in youth with high Th2 immunity.
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Registered trials
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