ReviewCells2023
Glucocorticoid Hormones as Modulators of the Kynurenine Pathway in Chronic Pain Conditions.
Review in Cells, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Epilepsy as a Disorder of Neuroimmune Metabolism: The Kynurenine Pathway as a Link Between Cognitive and Psychiatric Dysfunction.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Comprehensive analysis of phenotypes and transcriptome characteristics reveal important contribution of chronic stress and inflammation in the pathogenesis of acne.Bioscience reports · 2026Article
- Dynamic coupling of emotion and pain: from perception to affective response.The Korean journal of pain · 2026Review
- Pain-Affective Disorder Comorbidity in the Temporomandibular Disorders: From Mechanistic Insights to Clinical Management.Neuroscience bulletin · 2026Review
- The placental tryptophan pathway across gestation: implications for pregnancy outcomes.Human reproduction update · 2026Review
- The HPA axis and kynurenine pathway: exploring the role of stress and neuroinflammation in treatment-resistant depression.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2026Review
- Diurnal Variation in Intraoperative Opioid Requirements: A Prospective Cohort Study.Journal of pain research · 2026Article
- Spinal manipulative therapy promotes nucleus pulposus resorption and alleviates pain in a rat model of lumbar disc herniation via JNK-dependent regulation of inflammation and tissue remodeling.American journal of translational research · 2026Article
- Reply to Brown and Burleigh's "Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms Leading to Topical Steroid Withdrawal Syndrome Remain Unexplained and Warrant Further Research".The Journal of investigative dermatology · 2025Article
- Assessment of the Gut Microbiome in Patients with Coexisting Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Multiple Signaling Axes (TNF-α/IL1β/IL8, TLR4/MYD88/NF-κB, and TGF-β1/ROS) Associated With Coronary Collateral Circulation of Coronary Chronic Total Occlusion in Geriatric Patients.Mediators of inflammation · 2025Article
- Exploring the effect of prolonged fasting on kynurenine pathway metabolites and stress markers in healthy male individuals.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2024Article
- Salivary Tryptophan as a Metabolic Marker of HER2-Negative Molecular Subtypes of Breast Cancer.Metabolites · 2024Article
- Tryptophan metabolism and small fibre neuropathy: a correlation study.Brain communications · 2024Article
- Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites as Potential Biomarkers in Chronic Pain.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Impact of Melatonin as a Premedication Agent in Caesarean Section on Blood Loss and Postoperative Pain Level.Anesthesiology research and practice · 2023Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The pathogenesis of chronic pain entails a series of complex interactions among the nervous, immune, and endocrine systems. Defined as pain lasting or recurring for more than 3 months, chronic pain is becoming increasingly more prevalent among the US adult population. Pro-inflammatory cytokines from persistent low-grade inflammation not only contribute to the development of chronic pain conditions, but also regulate various aspects of the tryptophan metabolism, especially that of the kynurenine pathway (KP). An elevated level of pro-inflammatory cytokines exerts similar regulatory effects on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, an intricate system of neuro-endocrine-immune pathways and a major mechanism of the stress response. As the HPA axis counters inflammation through the secretion of endogenous cortisol, we review the role of cortisol along with that of exogenous glucocorticoids in patients with chronic pain conditions. Considering that different metabolites produced along the KP exhibit neuroprotective, neurotoxic, and pronociceptive properties, we also summarize evidence rendering them as reliable biomarkers in this patient population. While more in vivo studies are needed, we conclude that the interaction between glucocorticoid hormones and the KP poses an attractive venue of diagnostic and therapeutic potential in patients with chronic pain.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.