ArticleCells2023
Tertiary Lymphoid Structures (TLSs) and Stromal Blood Vessels Have Significant and Heterogeneous Impact on Recurrence, Lymphovascular and Perineural Invasion amongst Breast Cancer Molecular Subtypes.
Article in Cells, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Stromal Regulation of Tumor Perineural Invasion: A Multicellular and Neuro-Ecological Perspective.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Tertiary lymphoid structures in breast cancer: Mechanistic insights, subtype-specific patterns, and therapeutic implications.World journal of surgical oncology · 2026Review
- Therapeutic potential of tertiary lymphoid structures in breast cancer (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2026Review
- The impact of immune microenvironment on local control of ductal carcinoma in situ receiving breast conservative therapy.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2026Article
- Tertiary lymphoid structures in breast cancer: formation, immune functions and clinical implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The heterogeneous and dynamic immune-tumor interface in breast cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- The value of dual-energy CT radiomics in evaluating vascular maturity and prognosis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Review
- Article
- Review
- Development of a tertiary lymphoid structure-based prognostic model for breast cancer: integrating single-cell sequencing and machine learning to enhance patient outcomes.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Combined oral low-dose cyclophosphamide endocrine therapy may improve clinical response among patients with metastatic breast cancer via Tregs in TLSs.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Review
- Advances in the study of tertiary lymphoid structures in the immunotherapy of breast cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) mediate local antitumor immunity, and interest in them significantly increased since cancer immunotherapy was implemented. We examined TLS- tumor stromal blood vessel interplay for each breast cancer (BC) molecular subtype related to recurrence, lymphovascular invasion (LVI), and perineural invasion (PnI).
methodsTLSs were quantified on hematoxylin and eosin stain specimens followed by CD34/smooth muscle actin (SMA) double immunostaining for stromal blood vessel maturation assessment. Statistical analysis linked microscopy to recurrence, LVI, and PnI.
resultsTLS negative (TLS-) subgroups in each BC molecular subtype (except to Luminal A) have higher LVI, PnI, and recurrence. A significant rise in LVI and PnI were observed for the HER2+/TLS- subgroup (
conclusionBC invasion and recurrence are strongly influenced by TLS presence and stromal blood vessels, especially for HER2 and TNBC BC molecular subtypes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.