ArticleChildren (Basel, Switzerland)2023
School Children's Physical Activity and Preferred Activities during Outdoor Recess in Estonia: Using Accelerometers, Recess Observation, and Schoolyard Mapping.
Article in Children (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Discursive visibility of physical activity in school time reform: an analysis of district education bureaus' official media narratives.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- The role of visibility as a predictor of children's location choices in outdoor school grounds across age and gender.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Examining relationships between U.S. children's physical activity levels during recess, school days, and weekend days.Preventive medicine reports · 2025Article
- The associations of different recess types on physical activity and sedentary behaviour in Estonian primary school students.European journal of public health · 2025Article
- Pupils' participation roles in school-based physical activity in the context of physically active learning and recess: experiences from Norwegian and Estonian primary and secondary school pupils.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2025Article
- BMI, Dental Caries, and Risk Factors among Elementary School Children: A Cross-Sectional Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Data Analytics in Physical Activity Studies With Accelerometers: Scoping Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2024Article
- Comparison of Estonian Schoolchildren's Physical Activity and Fitness Indicators before and after the COVID-19 Pandemic's Period of Restricted Mobility.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
- Where the children play: Gender gaps in recess physical activity by age and playground area.Preventive medicine reports · 2024Article
- How physical activity opportunities seized by adolescents differ between Europe and the Pacific Islands: the example of France and New Caledonia.Open research Europe · 2024Article
- Physical activity and content in a variety of physically active learning: an observational case study of real-world practices.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2024Article
- Outdoor recess is associated with more positive attitudes toward physical activity among pre-adolescent students and their parents.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Studies about recess have found that children have higher physical activity (PA) during outdoor recess compared to indoor recess, and well-constructed schoolyards play an important role in stimulating PA in children. This study aimed at investigating the affordances of schoolyards and outdoor recess PA in two urban and two rural primary schools in Estonia. Schoolyards were described with the geographical mapping method, children's activities during outdoor recess were registered by using observations, and PA levels were measured with accelerometers. Students from grades two to six (8-13-year-olds) were included in the study. All observed schoolyards had different spaces including various ball game areas, climbing facilities, and slacklines. The natural environment dominated in the rural schools, and artificial surfaces dominated in the urban schools. Boys in the study tended to enjoy more sport-related activities, whereas girls preferred more social and less active activities. Students participating in outdoor recess spent about twice as much time (20.4%) on moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) compared to indoor recess (9.5%), although boys were more active than girls (22.9% vs. 17.3%). All schoolyards afforded more MVPA during outdoor recess compared to indoor recess, whereas schoolyards with more space per child and natural environment elements generated more varied PA and higher MVPA. These findings confirm the importance of schoolyard design and quality for the variety and intensity of students' PA during outdoor recess.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.