ArticleBiomedicines2023
Analysis of Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia and Directed Information Flow between Brain and Body Indicate Different Management Strategies of fMRI-Related Anxiety.
Article in Biomedicines, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- High-temporal resolution metabolic connectivity resolved by component-based noise correction.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2026Article
- Using ECG-derived respiration for explaining BOLD-fMRI fluctuations during rest and respiratory modulations.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Modulation of amygdala and hippocampus during anxiety by heart and middle frontal gyrus.Cardiovascular research · 2025Article
- The Impact of C-3 Side Chain Modifications on Kynurenic Acid: A Behavioral Analysis of Its Analogs in the Motor Domain.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- From Lab to Life: Exploring Cutting-Edge Models for Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Neural Correlates and Molecular Mechanisms of Memory and Learning.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Scan-associated anxiety (scanxiety): the enigma of emotional breathing oscillations at 0.32 Hz (19 bpm).Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Review
- From CGRP to PACAP, VIP, and Beyond: Unraveling the Next Chapters in Migraine Treatment.Cells · 2023Review
- Editorial: Case reports in neuroimaging and stimulation.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundRespiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) denotes decrease of cardiac beat-to-beat intervals (RRI) during inspiration and RRI increase during expiration, but an inverse pattern (termed negative RSA) was also found in healthy humans with elevated anxiety. It was detected using wave-by-wave analysis of cardiorespiratory rhythms and was considered to reflect a strategy of anxiety management involving the activation of a neural pacemaker. Results were consistent with slow breathing, but contained uncertainty at normal breathing rates (0.2-0.4 Hz). OBJECTIVES AND
methodsWe combined wave-by-wave analysis and directed information flow analysis to obtain information on anxiety management at higher breathing rates. We analyzed cardiorespiratory rhythms and blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signals from the brainstem and cortex in 10 healthy fMRI participants with elevated anxiety.
resultsThree subjects with slow respiratory, RRI, and neural BOLD oscillations showed 57 ± 26% negative RSA and significant anxiety reduction by 54 ± 9%. Six participants with breathing rate of ~0.3 Hz showed 41 ± 16% negative RSA and weaker anxiety reduction. They presented significant information flow from RRI to respiration and from the middle frontal cortex to the brainstem, which may result from respiration-entrained brain oscillations, indicating another anxiety management strategy.
conclusionsThe two analytical approaches applied here indicate at least two different anxiety management strategies in healthy subjects.
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