ArticleArthritis research & therapy2023
Serum vitamin D levels and Sjogren's syndrome: bi-directional Mendelian randomization analysis.
Article in Arthritis research & therapy, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Decreased Serum Vitamin D Is Not Associated With Sjögren Disease in European and Asian Subjects.ACR open rheumatology · 2026Article
- Mendelian Randomization and Machine Learning Reveal Immune Cell and Gene Drivers in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Brain and behavior · 2025Article
- The causal relationship between inflammatory cytokines and lung cancer: a two-sample bidirectional mendelian randomization study.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis of the causal associations between serum vitamin D levels and multiple kidney diseases.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Cytokines and oral cancer risk: Genetic evidence from a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.Medicine · 2025Article
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- Causality between Autism Spectrum Disorder and Telomere Length.Brain and behavior · 2025Article
- Vitamin D in Primary Sjogren's Syndrome (pSS) and the Identification of Novel Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms Involved in the Development of pSS-Associated Diseases.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Relationship between Sjogren's syndrome and gastroesophageal reflux: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Therapeutic Targets in the Management of Dry Eye Disease Associated with Sjögren's Syndrome: An Updated Review of Current Insights and Future Perspectives.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Inflammatory cytokines and their potential role in Sjogren's syndrome risk: insights from a mendelian randomization study.Advances in rheumatology (London, England) · 2024Article
- Vitamin D is associated with reduced risk of Sjögren's syndrome: a Mendelian randomization study.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2024Article
- The 2023's Growing Evidence Confirming the Relationship between Vitamin D and Autoimmune Diseases.Nutrients · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundBased on the results of existing observational studies, it can be found that the association between serum vitamin D levels and the risk of Sjogren's syndrome (SS) in humans is still controversial. Based on this situation, this study aimed to assess the causal relationship between serum vitamin D levels and SS by using the Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.
methodsIn this study, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary statistics on serum vitamin D levels [sample size = 417,580 (UK Biobank)] and SS [sample size = 416,757 (cases = 2495, controls = 414,262) (FinnGen)] were used. The bi-directional MR analysis was then used to assess possible causal relationships. The major analysis method of MR was performed using inverse-variance weighted (IVW), supplemented by MR-Egger and the weighted median approaches. In addition, sensitivity analyses were used to ensure the stability of the results, including Cochran's Q test, MR-PRESSO, MR-Egger intercept test, and the leave-one-out test.
resultsThe MR suggested that no significant causal effects of serum 25(OH)D levels on SS risks were observed [odds ratio (OR) = 0.9824; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.7130 to 1.3538; P = 0.9137]. Similarly, no evidence supported the causal effects of SS on serum vitamin D levels (β: 0.0076, 95% CI: - 0.0031 to 0.0183; P = 0.1640).
conclusionThis study found no obvious evidence that serum vitamin D level is causally associated with SS risks or vice versa. We call for larger sample size studies to further unravel the potential causal relationship and the exact mechanism.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.