ArticleNature food2023
Low-carbon diets can reduce global ecological and health costs.
Article in Nature food, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The effectiveness of mobile app-based interventions in facilitating behaviour change towards healthier and more sustainable diets: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The international journal of behavioral nutrition and physical activity · 2025Pooled it
- Rice Protein as an Alternative Ingredient for Sustainable Food Formulations: Nutritional Quality, Functional Properties, Health-promoting Potential, and Emerging Applications.Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2026Review
- Recycling fossil infrastructure for cleaner energy transitions.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Region-specific and nutritionally adequate dietary transitions can bolster sustainability and socioeconomic benefits.Nature food · 2026Article
- Global food trade can mitigate substantial health burdens attributed to ambient PMNature food · 2026Article
- Comparing meat alternatives for a sustainable food system.NPJ science of food · 2026Article
- Have the environmental benefits of insect farming been overstated? A critical review.Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · 2026Review
- A Portable Dual-Mode Microfluidic Device Integrating RT-qPCR and RT-LAMP for Rapid Nucleic Acid Detection in Point-of-Care Testing.Biosensors · 2026Article
- Balancing Environmental Sustainability and Nutrition: Dietary Climate Impact in Relation to Micronutrient Intake and Status in a Swedish Cohort.Current developments in nutrition · 2025Article
- The role of hospitals in providing nutritious and sustainable foods for human and planetary health.Public health nutrition · 2025Article
- Labour market evolution is a key determinant of global agroeconomic and environmental futures.Nature food · 2025Article
- Closed-loop systems for plants expressing animal proteins: a modernized framework to safeguard the future of agricultural innovation.Frontiers in plant science · 2025Article
- Digital literacy, ecological values, and green food consumption: an extended Theory of Planned Behavior model in Chinese universities.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Public discourses of alternative protein foods in Facebook public pages' posts, 2014-2024.PloS one · 2025Article
- Nutritional, Bioactive, and Volatile Characteristics of Two Types ofMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Global food expenditure patterns diverge between low-income and high-income countries.Nature food · 2024Article
- Food matters: Dietary shifts increase the feasibility of 1.5°C pathways in line with the Paris Agreement.Science advances · 2024Article
- Diversifying crop rotation increases food production, reduces net greenhouse gas emissions and improves soil health.Nature communications · 2024Article
- The MED_EAT-IT approach: A modelling study to develop feasible, sustainable and nutritionally targeted dietary patterns based on the Planetary health diet.Current research in food science · 2024Article
- Ethnobotanical study on edible flowers in Xishuangbanna, China.Journal of ethnobiology and ethnomedicine · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Potential external cost savings associated with the reduction of animal-sourced foods remain poorly understood. Here we combine life cycle assessment principles and monetarization factors to estimate the monetary worth of damage to human health and ecosystems caused by the environmental impacts of food production. We find that, globally, approximately US$2 of production-related external costs were embedded in every dollar of food expenditure in 2018-corresponding to US$14.0 trillion of externalities. A dietary shift away from animal-sourced foods could greatly reduce these 'hidden' costs, saving up to US$7.3 trillion worth of production-related health burden and ecosystem degradation while curbing carbon emissions. By comparing the health effects of dietary change from the consumption versus the production of food, we also show that omitting the latter means underestimating the benefits of more plant-based diets. Our analysis reveals the substantial potential of dietary change, particularly in high and upper-middle-income countries, to deliver socio-economic benefits while mitigating climate change.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.