Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37188815›Full record

ArticleNature microbiology2023

Reconstruction of the personal information from human genome reads in gut metagenome sequencing data.

Yoshihiko Tomofuji, Kyuto Sonehara, Toshihiro Kishikawa, Yuichi Maeda, Kotaro Ogawa, Shuhei Kawabata, Takuro Nii, Tatsusada Okuno, Eri Oguro-Igashira, Makoto Kinoshita and 17 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature microbiology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed
7.2field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. SCiMS: Sex Calling in Metagenomic Sequences.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Pharmacomicrobiomics.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2025
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Microbial genomics: a potential toolkit for forensic investigations.Forensic science, medicine, and pathology · 2025
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. SWGTS-a platform for stream-based host DNA depletion.Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) · 2024
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

27 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.

Yoshihiko TomofujiDepartment of Statistical Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan. ytomofuji@sg.med.osaka-u.ac.jp.
Kyuto SoneharaDepartment of Statistical Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.
Toshihiro KishikawaDepartment of Statistical Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.
Yuichi MaedaIntegrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.
Kotaro OgawaDepartment of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.
Shuhei KawabataDepartment of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.
Takuro NiiDepartment of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.
Tatsusada OkunoDepartment of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.
Eri Oguro-IgashiraDepartment of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.
Makoto KinoshitaDepartment of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.
Masatoshi TakagakiDepartment of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.
Kenichi YamamotoDepartment of Statistical Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.ORCID 0000-0001-9594-7050
Takashi KurakawaLaboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.
Mayu Yagita-SakamakiDepartment of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.
Akiko HosokawaDepartment of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.
Daisuke MotookaIntegrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.
Yuki MatsumotoDepartment of Infection Metagenomics, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-2911-308X
Hidetoshi MatsuokaDepartment of Rheumatology and Allergology, NHO Osaka Minami Medical Center, Kawachinagano, Japan.
Maiko YoshimuraDepartment of Rheumatology and Allergology, NHO Osaka Minami Medical Center, Kawachinagano, Japan.
Shiro OhshimaDepartment of Rheumatology and Allergology, NHO Osaka Minami Medical Center, Kawachinagano, Japan.
Shota NakamuraIntegrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.
Hidenori InoharaDepartment of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.
Haruhiko KishimaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.
Hideki MochizukiDepartment of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-0874-7542
Kiyoshi TakedaLaboratory of Immune Regulation, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.
Atsushi KumanogohIntegrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Japan.ORCID 0000-0003-4749-7117
Yukinori OkadaDepartment of Statistical Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan. yokada@sg.med.osaka-u.ac.jp.ORCID 0000-0002-0311-8472
The University of Osaka · JPOsaka Minami Medical Center · JPRIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences · JPAichi Cancer Center · JPSuita Municipal Hospital · JPThe University of Tokyo · JP

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Human DNA present in faecal samples can result in a small number of human reads in gut shotgun metagenomic sequencing data. However, it is presently unclear how much personal information can be reconstructed from such reads, and this has not been quantitatively evaluated. Such a quantitative evaluation is necessary to clarify the ethical concerns related to data sharing and to enable efficient use of human genetic information in stool samples, such as for research and forensics. Here we used genomic approaches to reconstruct personal information from the faecal metagenomes of 343 Japanese individuals with associated human genotype data. Genetic sex could be accurately predicted based on the sequencing depth of sex chromosomes for 97.3% of the samples. Individuals could be re-identified from the matched genotype data based on human reads recovered from the faecal metagenomic data with 93.3% sensitivity using a likelihood score-based method. This method also enabled us to predict the ancestries of 98.3% of the samples. Finally, we performed ultra-deep shotgun metagenomic sequencing of five faecal samples as well as whole-genome sequencing of blood samples. Using genotype-calling approaches, we demonstrated that the genotypes of both common and rare variants could be reconstructed from faecal samples. This included clinically relevant variants. Our approach can be used to quantify personal information contained within gut metagenome data.

Indexed as

Genome, HumanMetagenomeFecesGenotypeHumansWhole Genome Sequencing

Identifiers

PMID37188815
PMCPMC10234815
OpenAlexW4376609018

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.