Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37188343›Full record

ArticleThe American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene2023

Improving Access to WHO Formulations of Alcohol-Based Hand Rub in Healthcare Facilities: A District-Wide Approach.

Fred Tusabe, Judith Nanyondo, Matthew J Lozier, Maureen Kesande, Olive Tumuhairwe, Martin Watsisi, Fred Twinomugisha, Alexandra Medley, Julius Mutoro, Mohammed Lamorde and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  10. Perspectives on hand hygiene in Belizean healthcare facilities during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative evaluation with healthcare workers.Journal of water, sanitation, and hygiene for development : a journal of the International Water Association · 2024
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Fred TusabeInfectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
Judith NanyondoInfectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
Matthew J LozierDivision of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Maureen KesandeInfectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
Olive TumuhairweKabarole District Health Office, Kabarole District Local Government, Fort Portal, Uganda.
Martin WatsisiInternational Water & Sanitation Centre - WASH, Fort Portal, Uganda.
Fred TwinomugishaMakerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda.
Alexandra MedleyDivision of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Julius MutoroKasese District Health Office, Kasese, Uganda.
Mohammed LamordeInfectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda.
David BerendesDivision of Foodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Alcohol-based hand rub (ABHR) is an effective hand hygiene measure to mitigate and prevent infectious disease transmission in healthcare facilities (HCFs); however, availability and affordability in low- and middle-income countries are limited. We sought to establish centralized local production of ABHR using a district-wide approach to increase provider access at all public HCFs in Kabarole and Kasese Districts in Western Uganda. Partner organizations worked with district governments to adapt and implement the WHO protocol for local ABHR production at the district scale. These groups identified and upgraded sites for ABHR production and storage to ensure recommended security, ventilation, and air conditioning. District governments selected technicians for training on ABHR production. Raw materials were sourced within Uganda. Alcohol-based hand rub underwent internal quality control by the production officer and external quality control (EQC) by a trained district health inspector before distribution to HCFs. We assessed ABHR production and demand from March 2019 to December 2020. All ABHR batches (N = 316) met protocol standards (alcohol concentration: 75.0-85.0%) with a mean of 79.9% (range: 78.5-80.5%). Internal quality control measurements (mean alcohol concentration: 80.0%, range: 79.5-81.0%) matched EQC measurements (mean: 79.8%, range: 78.0-80.0%). Production units supplied ABHR to 127 HCFs in Kasese District (100%) and 31 HCFs in Kabarole District (56%); 94% of HCFs were small (dispensary or next higher level). This district-wide production met quality standards and supplied ABHR to many HCFs where facility-level production would be unfeasible. Low- and middle-income countries may consider district models to expand ABHR production and supply to smaller HCFs.

Indexed as

Hand DisinfectionHand Hygiene2-PropanolDelivery of Health CareEthanolHumansWorld Health Organization2-PropanolEthanol

Identifiers

PMID37188343
PMCPMC10324005

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.