Trial reportEuropean archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry2023
Clinical evaluation of feasibility and effectiveness using a virtual reality device during local anesthesia and extractions in pediatric patients.
Trial report in European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Technology-enhanced behavior guidance for pediatric dental anxiety: a systematic review and meta-analysis of effectiveness and safety of virtual reality, augmented reality, biofeedback, and games.Frontiers in dental medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Non-pharmacological interventions for reducing dental anxiety in pediatric dentistry: a network meta-analysis.BMC oral health · 2024Pooled it
- Evaluating the use of augmented reality in alleviating anxiety and pain in children during intraoral injection administration: a randomized-controlled trial.European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry · 2026Trial
- Neurobiological Effects of Non-Invasive Behavioural Management Strategies in Paediatric Dentistry: A Scoping Review.Clinics and practice · 2026Review
- Virtual Reality Goggles as a Distraction Technique for Managing Behavioral Conduct During Pulp Pediatric Dental Treatment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Dentistry journal · 2026Review
- Digital Dentistry in Clinical Practice: A Scoping Review of Current Capabilities and Future Directions.International dental journal · 2026Article
- Article
- Effectiveness of virtual reality as a behavioural management method in children during dental visits: a systematic review.Frontiers in oral health · 2026Review
- A Narrative Review of Nonpharmacological Approaches to Control Anxiety in Pediatric Dentistry.International journal of pediatrics · 2025Review
- An Attempt to Use Virtual Reality as a Tool to Reduce Patient Anxiety During Dental Treatment.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Global Scientific Trends in Virtual Reality for Pain Treatment From 2000 to 2022: Bibliometric Analysis.JMIR serious games · 2023Article
- Virtual reality in managing dental pain and anxiety: a comprehensive review.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposePediatric dentistry requires more than routine dental knowledge and skills in executing quality dental care. The quality of dental treatment is indirectly proportional to a child's anxiety and fear. The recent distraction technique, the use of virtual reality (VR) devices has intrigued many researcher's minds. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the clinical feasibility and effectiveness of the VR device in reducing pain and anxiety in pediatric patients during mandibular primary molar extraction.
methodsThis research trial had 30 healthy children between the ages of 6 and 12 who required mandibular primary molar extraction. The subjects were divided into two groups using a simple randomization method. In the study group (n = 15), extraction was carried out using a VR device, whereas, in the control group (n = 15), extraction was carried out without the use of a VR device. Pre- and post-extraction anxiety levels were measured by Venham's picture test (VPT) and the heart rate. After the procedure, pain and behavior were evaluated by the Wong-Bakers Faces pain rating scale (WBS) and FLACC Scale respectively.
resultsThe pre-extraction values of the VPT and heart rate showed no statistically significant difference. This indicates that participants of both groups had a similar level of anxiety at baseline. There was a statistically significant increase (p = 0.028) between pre- and post-heart rates in the control group, with no significant change in the study group.
conclusionThe use of a virtual reality device in children can reduce anxiety during primary molar extractions as evaluated by heart rate. Virtual reality devices might be an adjunct to high-quality dental care and to other behavior management methods. Definitive outcomes can be attained by encouraging studies overcoming the present limitations, and considering salivary biochemical indicators for the assessment of these devices.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.