ArticleInternational journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases2023
Temporal, age, and geographical variation in vaccine efficacy against infection by the Delta and Omicron variants in the community in France, December 2021 to March 2022.
Article in International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Quantitative analysis of massive SARS-CoV-2 testing in the community in France in 2021-2022 reveals the associations of variant, vaccination, and age with viral dynamics in symptomatic individuals.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- AI-driven big data analysis and predictive modeling of infectious disease immunity: from correlates to causal, multiscale understanding.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- Vaccine effectiveness dynamics against influenza and SARS-CoV-2 in community-tested patients in France 2023-2024.Emerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- Influenza vaccine effectiveness against detected infection in the community, France, October 2024 to February 2025.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2025Article
- Article
- Evaluation of Strategies for Transitioning to Annual SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination Campaigns in the United States.Annals of internal medicine · 2024Article
- Elucidating vaccine efficacy using a correlate of protection, demographics, and logistic regression.BMC medical research methodology · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesWe aimed to quantify how the vaccine efficacy of BNT162b2, messenger RNA-1273, AD26.COV2-S, and ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 against detected infection by the SARS-CoV-2 Delta and Omicron variants varied by time since the last dose, vaccine scheme, age, and geographic areas.
methodsWe analyzed 3,261,749 community polymerase chain reaction tests conducted by private laboratories in France from December 2021 to March 2022 with a test-negative design comparing vaccinated to unvaccinated individuals.
resultsEfficacy against detected infection by Delta was 89% (95% confidence interval, 86-91%) at 2 weeks, down to 59% (56-61%) at 26 weeks and more after the second dose. Efficacy against Omicron was 48% (45-51%) at 2 weeks, down to 4% (2-5%) at 16 weeks after the second dose. A third dose temporarily restored efficacy. Efficacy against Omicron was lower in children and the elderly. Geographical variability in efficacy may reflect variability in the ratio of the number of contacts of vaccinated vs unvaccinated individuals. This ratio ranged from 0 to +50% across departments and correlated with the number of restaurants and bars per inhabitant (beta = 15.0 [0.75-29], P-value = 0.04), places that only vaccinated individuals could access in the study period.
conclusionSARS-CoV-2 vaccines conferred low and transient protection against Omicron infection.
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