ReviewJournal of oral & maxillofacial research
Accuracy of Orthognathic Surgical Planning using Three-dimensional Virtual Techniques compared with Conventional Two-dimensional Techniques: a Systematic Review.
Review in Journal of oral & maxillofacial research. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Three-dimensional virtual planning reduces operative time in orthognathic surgery: a procedure-specific retrospective study incorporating additive manufacturing.Oral and maxillofacial surgery · 2026Article
- Fully Digital vs. Conventional Planning in Bimaxillary Orthognathic Surgery: Effects on 3D Accuracy and Surgical Efficiency.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Clinical and perioperative outcomes of computer-guided versus conventional plan-transfer workflows in orthognathic surgery for skeletal anterior open bite: a randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in dental medicine · 2026Article
- Comparison of the reliability of ANB Sar and W measurements used in cephalometric diagnostics for the assessment of sagittal discrepancy.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Selected Indicators Used in Cephalometric Analysis and Their Predictive Value in Defining Sagittal Discrepancy Malocclusions: A Comparative Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Comparison of the Repeatability and Reproducibility Levels of ANB, Tau and Yen Angle Measurements Used in Cephalometric Diagnostics in the Assessment of Sagittal Discrepancy: A Comparative Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Virtual Surgical Planning for Management of Acute Maxillofacial Trauma.Craniomaxillofacial trauma & reconstruction · 2025Article
- Cone beam computed tomography based upper airway measurement after orthognathic surgery: a comparative evaluation of different imaging software.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Robotic Assist and Virtual Surgical Planning in Orthognathic Surgery.Galen medical journal · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objectives: The objective was to assess the accuracy of orthognathic surgical planning using three-dimensional virtual planning compared with conventional two-dimensional planning. Material and Methods: MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase and Cochrane Library search combined with hand-search of relevant journals was conducted to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in English through August 2 Results: Seven RCTs characterised by low, high, and unclear risk of bias fulfilled inclusion criteria. Included studies disclosed conflicting results regarding accuracy of hard and soft tissue as well as treatment planning time. The intraoperative time was shortened, and financial expenses were increased with three-dimensional virtual surgical planning (TVSP), while no planning-related complications were revealed. Comparable improvement in PROMs were reported with TVSP and two-dimensional planning. Conclusions: Future orthognathic surgical planning will indisputable be performed by three-dimensional virtual planning. The financial expenses, treatment planning time, and intraoperative time will therefore probably decrease due to further development of three-dimensional virtual planning techniques. The hard and soft tissue accuracy between planned position and achieved surgical outcome seems to be improved by three-dimensional virtual planning compared with two-dimensional planning, although results are inconsistent. Further development of three-dimensional virtual planning involving cutting guides and patient-specific osteosynthesis plates are therefore needed to improve the accuracy of orthognathic surgical planning.
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