ArticleEnvironmental science & technology letters2022
Viable Norovirus Persistence in Water Microcosms.
Article in Environmental science & technology letters, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Assessing human-source microbial contamination of stormwater in the U.S.Water research · 2025Pooled it
- Long-Term Survival of Human Enteric Virus Surrogates (Murine Norovirus, Rhesus Rotavirus, and Porcine Sapovirus) in Bottled Drinking Water.Food and environmental virology · 2026Article
- A Wastewater-based Modeling Framework for Inferring Norovirus Transmission Dynamics.Environmental science & technology · 2026Article
- Evaluating Viral Pollution in Wastewater and Mediterranean Ecosystems.Food and environmental virology · 2026Article
- Shellfish as a Potential Source of Hepatitis E Virus: Epidemiological Evidence, Biological Plausibility, and Research Gaps.Viruses · 2026Review
- Overcoming host restrictions to enable continuous passaging of GII.3 human norovirus in human intestinal enteroids.Science advances · 2026Article
- Atomic force microscopy at the forefront: unveiling foodborne viruses with biophysical tools.Npj viruses · 2025Review
- Human intestinal enteroids for evaluating the persistence of infectious human norovirus in raw surface freshwater.The Science of the total environment · 2025Article
- Utilizing Zebrafish Embryos for Replication of Tulane Virus: A Human Norovirus Surrogate.Food and environmental virology · 2024Article
- Review
- Human norovirus cultivation systems and their use in antiviral research.Journal of virology · 2024Review
- Leveraging Plasma-Activated Seawater for the Control of Human Norovirus and Bacterial Pathogens in Shellfish Depuration.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Persistence of Infectious Human Norovirus in Estuarine Water.Food and environmental virology · 2024Article
- Heat inactivation of aqueous viable norovirus and MS2 bacteriophage.Journal of applied microbiology · 2024Article
- The Protective Effect of Virus Capsids on RNA and DNA Virus Genomes in Wastewater.Environmental science & technology · 2023Article
- Amplicon-Based High-Throughput Sequencing Method for Genotypic Characterization of Norovirus in Oysters.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2023Article
- Persistence of Human Norovirus (GII) in Surface Water: Decay Rate Constants and Inactivation Mechanisms.Environmental science & technology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Human noroviruses are one of the leading causes of acute gastroenteritis worldwide. Based on quantitative microbial risk assessments, norovirus contributes the greatest infectious risk of any pathogen from exposure to sewage-contaminated water; however, these estimates have been based upon molecular (i.e., RNA-based) data as human norovirus has remained largely unculturable in the laboratory. Current approaches to assess the environmental fate of noroviruses rely on the use of culturable surrogate viruses and molecular methods. Human intestinal enteroids (HIEs) are an emerging cell culture system capable of amplifying viable norovirus. Here, we applied the HIE assay to assess both viable norovirus and norovirus RNA persistence in surface, tap, and deionized water microcosms. Viable norovirus decreased to below the detection limit in tap and deionized water microcosms and was measured in a single replicate in the surface water microcosm at study conclusion (28 days). Conversely, the norovirus RNA signal remained constant over the duration of the study, even when viable norovirus was below the limit of detection. Our findings demonstrate the disconnect between current environmental norovirus detection via molecular methods and viability as assessed through the HIE assay. These results imply that molecular norovirus monitoring is not inherently representative of infectious norovirus.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.