ArticleNPJ vaccines2023
Intranasal COVID-19 vaccine induces respiratory memory T cells and protects K18-hACE mice against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Article in NPJ vaccines, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- Intranasal gold nanoparticle-antigen induces mucosal and systemic immunity against β-coronaviruses.hLife · 2026Article
- Respiratory mucosal vaccines for emerging viruses: promise and challenges.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- Combating respiratory diseases with mucosal vaccines.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- A multiplexed, systems-based approach for prediction of antibody neutralization breadth for soluble human receptors.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Article
- Nasal CD4+ tissue-resident memory T cells provide cross-protective immunity to influenza.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2026Article
- Intranasal vaccine combining adenovirus and trimeric subunit protein provides superior immunity against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- Flipping the script: Using mucosal immune obstacles to inform vaccine design.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Intranasal S-2P and lentinan formulation confers broad protection against SARS-CoV-2 VOCs via IFN-γ-dominant mechanisms.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- A nasal vaccine candidate based on S2 and N proteins from SARS-CoV-2 generates a broad antibody response systemically and in the lower respiratory tract.Immunologic research · 2025Article
- Nasal vaccines for respiratory infections.Nature · 2025Review
- SARS-CoV-2 infection primes cross-protective respiratory IgA in a MyD88- and MAVS-dependent manner.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Nanotechnology-driven advances in intranasal vaccine delivery systems against infectious diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- TLR2 Activation as a Marker of Severe COVID-19 and a Potential Therapeutic Target.Current medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- A vaccine platform targeting lung-resident memory CD4Nature communications · 2024Article
- Intranasal delivery of a subunit protein vaccine provides protective immunity against JN.1 and XBB-lineage variants.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Article
- Role of mucosal IgA antibodies as novel therapies to enhance mucosal barriers.Seminars in immunopathology · 2024Review
- Modified PEG-Lipids Enhance the Nasal Mucosal Immune Capacity of Lipid Nanoparticle mRNA Vaccines.Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- Charge-assisted stabilization of lipid nanoparticles enables inhaled mRNA delivery for mucosal vaccination.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Compartment-specific antibody correlates of protection to SARS-CoV-2 Omicron in macaques.iScience · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Current COVID-19 vaccines prevent severe disease, but do not induce mucosal immunity or prevent infection with SARS-CoV-2, especially with recent variants. Furthermore, serum antibody responses wane soon after immunization. We assessed the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of an experimental COVID-19 vaccine based on the SARS-CoV-2 Spike trimer formulated with a novel adjuvant LP-GMP, comprising TLR2 and STING agonists. We demonstrated that immunization of mice twice by the intranasal (i.n.) route or by heterologous intramuscular (i.m.) prime and i.n. boost with the Spike-LP-GMP vaccine generated potent Spike-specific IgG, IgA and tissue-resident memory (T
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.