Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37177241›Full record

ArticlePolymers2023

Effect of Anionic Polyacrylamide Polymer on Frost Heave Mitigation and Its Implication for Frost-Susceptible Soil.

Yukun Ji, Haihang Wang, Xiaozhao Li, Peng Zhao, Qinke Wang, Ruilin Li, Veerle Vandeginste

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Polymers, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
2.3field-weighted citation impact, top 13% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Yukun JiState Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China.ORCID 0000-0003-0542-1835
Haihang WangState Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China.
Xiaozhao LiState Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China.
Peng ZhaoState Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China.
Qinke WangSchool of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
Ruilin LiState Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China.
Veerle VandeginsteDepartment of Materials Engineering, KU Leuven, Campus Bruges, B-8200 Bruges, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0003-0950-7089
China University of Mining and Technology · CNKU Leuven · BESouthwest University of Science and Technology · CN

Funding

China Postdoctoral Science Foundation 2022M723400Cultivation Funds of Deep Underground Science and Engineering Laboratory KC21312Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities 2022QN1038Key R&D Program of Jiangsu, China BE2020038National Natural Science Foundation of China 42230704Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province BK20221135
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Seasonally frozen ground regions occupy approximately 55% of the exposed land surface in the Northern Hemisphere, and frost heave is the common global problem in seasonally frozen soil areas. Frost heave induces uneven deformation of ground and damages railways, road paving, and buildings. How to mitigate frost heave is the most important technical issue in this field that has provoked great interest. Here, using freezing experiments, we investigate the effect of anionic polyacrylamide (APAM) polymer on frost susceptible soil. The results demonstrate a so-far undocumented inhibition of frost heave by APAM in freezing soil, namely APAM (tested at concentrations from 0.0 wt% to 0.60 wt%) slows down the frost heave by a factor of up to 2.1 (since 0.60 wt% APAM can decrease frost heave from 8.56 mm to 4.14 mm in comparison to the control experiment). Moreover, it can be observed that the maximum water content near the frozen fringe decreased from 53.4% to 31.4% as the APAM content increased from 0.0 wt% to 0.60 wt%, implying a mitigated ice lens growth. Hydrogen bonding between APAM and soil particles triggers an adsorption mechanism that accumulates soil particles, and thus can potentially inhibit the separation and growth of the ice lens. Moreover, the residue of APAM due to hydrogen bonding-induced adsorption in the pores of granular media may narrow seepage channels (capillary barriers) and provide an unfavourable condition for water migration. The use of APAM can also increase the viscosity of the solution, which causes a greater water migration resistance. This research provides new insights into APAM-influenced frost heave (introducing APAM into the soil can induce bridging adsorption between APAM polymer segments and a particle surface), can enable engineers and researchers to utilise chemical improvement design and to consider suitable actions (e.g., by injecting APAM solution into a frost susceptible soil or using APAM-modified soil to replace the frost susceptible soil) to prevent frost heave from having a negative impact on traffic roads and buildings in cold regions.

Indexed as

anionic polyacrylamide polymerfrost heaveice lens growthseasonally frozen soil

Identifiers

PMID37177241
PMCPMC10181066
OpenAlexW4367317730

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.