ReviewJournal of clinical medicine2023
Interleukins (Cytokines) as Biomarkers in Colorectal Cancer: Progression, Detection, and Monitoring.
Review in Journal of clinical medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of personalized vitamin DBritish journal of cancer · 2026Trial
- Systemic Protein Biomarkers, Composite Blood Inflammatory Indices and Cellular Ratios in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: Potential Therapeutic Targets.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- Cancer in transition: discovery of tumor-intrinsic transcriptional programs shaping the immune and microenvironmental landscape.Biomarker research · 2026Review
- Dual-Action NSAID-Gold(I) Alkynyl Hybrids for Synergistic Anti-Inflammatory and Anticancer Therapy of Colorectal Cancer.Inorganic chemistry · 2026Article
- Features of IL-1β Secretion by Macrophages in Monocyte Culture in Colorectal Cancer.Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine · 2026Article
- Qoppa as a New Pan-Tumor Synthetic Parameter Derived from Tumor-Associated Biomarkers for Identifying Oncology Patients at High Risk of Metastasis: A Prospective Pilot Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Expression of serum inflammatory markers in colorectal cancer and their relationship with clinical pathological characteristics.American journal of translational research · 2026Article
- IL-1 family of cytokines in gastrointestinal and liver disorders.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026Review
- Metabolic and proteomic signatures differentiate inflammatory phenotypes from cancer and predict treatment response in patient sera.Bioengineering & translational medicine · 2025Article
- Cancer Stem Cells Connecting to Immunotherapy: Key Insights, Challenges, and Potential Treatment Opportunities.Cancers · 2025Review
- Serum Protein Profiling as theranostic biomarkers for Left- and Right-Sided Colon Cancer using LuminexCancer biomarkers : section A of Disease markers · 2025Article
- The Immune Environment in Colorectal Adenoma: A Systematic Review.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Cancer stem cells and niches: challenges in immunotherapy resistance.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Article
- Some Glycoproteins Expressed on the Surface of Immune Cells and Cytokine Plasma Levels Can Be Used as Potential Biomarkers in Patients with Colorectal Cancer.Biomolecules · 2024Article
- Review
- IL-22 activates the PI3K-AKT pathway to promote colorectal cancer cell proliferation and metastasis.Discover oncology · 2024Article
- Colorectal cancer and dormant metastases: Put to sleep or destroy?World journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2024Article
- Dandelion root extracts and taraxasterol inhibit LPS‑induced colorectal cancer cell viability by blocking TLR4‑NFκB‑driven ACE2 and TMPRSS2 pathways.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cancer is the primary cause of death in economically developed countries and the second leading cause in developing countries. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Risk factors for CRC include obesity, a diet low in fruits and vegetables, physical inactivity, and smoking. CRC has a poor prognosis, and there is a critical need for new diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers to reduce related deaths. Recently, studies have focused more on molecular testing to guide targeted treatments for CRC patients. The most crucial feature of activated immune cells is the production and release of growth factors and cytokines that modulate the inflammatory conditions in tumor tissues. The cytokine network is valuable for the prognosis and pathogenesis of colorectal cancer as they can aid in the cost-effective and non-invasive detection of cancer. A large number of interleukins (IL) released by the immune system at various stages of CRC can act as "biomarkers". They play diverse functions in colorectal cancer, and include IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-11, IL-17A, IL-22, IL-23, IL-33, TNF, TGF-β, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which are pro-tumorigenic genes. However, there are an inadequate number of studies in this area considering its correlation with cytokine profiles that are clinically useful in diagnosing cancer. A better understanding of cytokine levels to establish diagnostic pathways entails an understanding of cytokine interactions and the regulation of their various biochemical signaling pathways in healthy individuals. This review provides a comprehensive summary of some interleukins as immunological biomarkers of CRC.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.