ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2023
Antiviral Activity of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles against SARS-CoV-2.
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- ROS-mitochondria-NLRP3/STING axis mediates the enhanced anti-coronavirus activity of ZIF8 nanoparticles.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Silver-Zinc oxide nanocomposites: a green approach to mitigate herpes simplex virus type 1 challenges.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Navigating theNanoscale advances · 2026Review
- Selected Deposition Techniques and the Effect of Doping on the Properties of Thin ZnO Films: A Literature Review.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Metallo-herb complexes as emerging therapeutics: chemistry, synthesis approaches, and pharmacological insights.Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2026Review
- Bio-Derived Cellulose Nanofibers for the Development Under Environmentally Assessed Conditions of Cellulose/ZnO Nanohybrids with Enhanced Biocompatibility and Antimicrobial Properties.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Polymeric Hydrogels Loaded with ZnO Nanoparticles as Promising Tools for Tacking Viral Skin Disorders.Viruses · 2026Article
- Antiviral Properties of Green-Synthesized Silver and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Against Coronaviruses: A Review.International journal of microbiology · 2026Review
- Nanotechnology in COVID-19 prevention, diagnosis, and treatment: a comprehensive review.Discover nano · 2025Review
- Influence of pre-analytical factors on the success rates of smMIP and MLPA analyses in epithelial ovarian cancer.Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology · 2025Article
- Self-assembled cyanidin-3-O-glucoside nanoparticles alleviate inflammation and ferroptosis induced by PRRSV infection.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Emerging two-dimensional nanomaterial and its modifications for enhanced antiviral applications: a review.Royal Society open science · 2025Review
- Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles in Modern Science and Technology: Multifunctional Roles in Healthcare, Environmental Remediation, and Industry.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Nanoparticles-Delivered Circular RNA Strategy as a Novel Antitumor Approach.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Article
- Antiviral Activity of Graphene Oxide-Silver Nanocomposites Against Murine Betacoronavirus.International journal of nanomedicine · 2024Article
- Antimicrobial activity of silver-copper coating against aerosols containing surrogate respiratory viruses and bacteria.PloS one · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The highly contagious SARS-CoV-2 virus is primarily transmitted through respiratory droplets, aerosols, and contaminated surfaces. In addition to antiviral drugs, the decontamination of surfaces and personal protective equipment (PPE) is crucial to mitigate the spread of infection. Conventional approaches, including ultraviolet radiation, vaporized hydrogen peroxide, heat and liquid chemicals, can damage materials or lack comprehensive, effective disinfection. Consequently, alternative material-compatible and sustainable methods, such as nanomaterial coatings, are needed. Therefore, the antiviral activity of two novel zinc-oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NP) against SARS-CoV-2 was investigated in vitro. Each nanoparticle was produced by applying highly efficient "green" synthesis techniques, which are free of fossil derivatives and use nitrate, chlorate and sulfonate salts as starting materials and whey as chelating agents. The two "green" nanomaterials differ in size distribution, with ZnO-NP-45 consisting of particles ranging from 30 nm to 60 nm and ZnO-NP-76 from 60 nm to 92 nm. Human lung epithelial cells (Calu-3) were infected with SARS-CoV-2, pre-treated in suspensions with increasing ZnO-NP concentrations up to 20 mg/mL. Both "green" materials were compared to commercially available ZnO-NP as a reference. While all three materials were active against both virus variants at concentrations of 10-20 mg/mL, ZnO-NP-45 was found to be more active than ZnO-NP-76 and the reference material, resulting in the inactivation of the Delta and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variants by a factor of more than 10
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.