ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2023
Experimental and Clinical Investigation of Cytokines in Migraine: A Narrative Review.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07599228 (Migraine Intervention Using Reality-Assisted Guided Experience), which is not on this map. Cited by 35 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Migraine Intervention Using Reality-Assisted Guided Experience
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 75 citations in OpenAlex.
- A multi-ancestry meta genome-wide association study of migraine among veterans: associations with traumatic brain injury, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Neurological involvement in children with familial Mediterranean fever: a systematic review.Pediatric rheumatology online journal · 2025Pooled it
- Trial
- Two-sample Mendelian randomization study of gut microbiota and inflammatory proteins: Predictive, preventive, and personalized treatment for migraine.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Comment on 'IL-17A, IL-17RA, and IL-22 as biomarkers in migraine: associations with disease activity and clinical features'.Irish journal of medical science · 2026Article
- EGR1-associated inflammatory and neurovascular signatures suggest a potential link between migraine and ischemic stroke.The journal of headache and pain · 2026Article
- IL-17A, IL-17RA, and IL-22 as biomarkers in migraine: associations with disease activity and clinical features.Irish journal of medical science · 2026Article
- Quantitative pupillometry as a marker of autonomic dysregulation in vestibular migraine.Journal of oral & facial pain and headache · 2026Article
- Antinociceptive Effects of Exogenous and Endogenous Carbon Monoxide in the Nitroglycerin-Induced Migraine Model in Rats.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Serum tumor necrosis factor-α levels in migraine: a registry for migraine (REFORM) study.Pain reports · 2026Article
- Mechanistic Overlaps Between Sleep and Headache Disorders: From Dopaminergic Dysfunction to Neuroinflammation-A Narrative Review.Clocks & sleep · 2026Review
- Electroacupuncture alleviates migraine through CXCL13/CXCR5-mediated communication.Chinese medicine · 2026Article
- CGRP: the immune system's double agent - context-dependent roles in inflammation, resolution and cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Integrative Migraine Therapy: From Current Concepts to Future Directions-A Plastic Surgeon's Perspective.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
- Serum inflammatory cytokines as biomarkers for predicting chronic migraine transformation: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Article
- Heatstroke Is Associated with an Increased Risk of Chronic Headache: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- miR-197, miR-101, and miR-143 and Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines in Migraine.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Unraveling the link: exploring what risk factor for sleep disorders among paediatric migraine.BMC neurology · 2025Article
- Revisiting Migraine Pathophysiology: from Neurons To Immune Cells Through Lens of Immune Regulatory Pathways.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2025Review
- Chronic Stress and Headaches: The Role of the HPA Axis and Autonomic Nervous System.Biomedicines · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The role of neuroinflammation in the pathophysiology of migraines is increasingly being recognized, and cytokines, which are important endogenous substances involved in immune and inflammatory responses, have also received attention. This review examines the current literature on neuroinflammation in the pathogenesis of migraine. Elevated TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels have been identified in non-invasive mouse models with cortical spreading depolarization (CSD). Various mouse models to induce migraine attack-like symptoms also demonstrated elevated inflammatory cytokines and findings suggesting differences between episodic and chronic migraines and between males and females. While studies on human blood during migraine attacks have reported no change in TNF-α levels and often inconsistent results for IL-1β and IL-6 levels, serial analysis of cytokines in jugular venous blood during migraine attacks revealed consistently increased IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α. In a study on the interictal period, researchers reported higher levels of TNF-α and IL-6 compared to controls and no change regarding IL-1β levels. Saliva-based tests suggest that IL-1β might be useful in discriminating against migraine. Patients with migraine may benefit from a cytokine perspective on the pathogenesis of migraine, as there have been several encouraging reports suggesting new therapeutic avenues.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.