ReviewCells2023
Rethinking Oncologic Treatment Strategies with Interleukin-2.
Review in Cells, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- The role of chemokines and interleukins in acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a systematic review.Journal of applied biomedicine · 2024Pooled it
- CAR-T cell therapy: potential for paediatric brain tumours-an update.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2026Review
- Advances in Cancer Immunotherapy for Solid Tumors.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Advanced Mucosal Melanoma Therapies: Current Status and Future Directions.Current treatment options in oncology · 2026Review
- Immune escape mechanisms and therapeutic advances in virus-associated hematological malignancies.Blood cancer journal · 2026Review
- The complex role of IL-37 in cancer pathogenesis: exploring its influence on hallmarks of cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Advances in Cutaneous Melanoma Therapy: The Emerging Role of CDK4/6 Inhibitors.Pharmacological research · 2025Review
- Peritoneal Immunosurgery: Immunotherapy Augmented Surgery for the Treatment of Peritoneal Cancers.Journal of surgical oncology · 2025Review
- Serum cytokines in periodontal diseases.Periodontology 2000 · 2025Review
- Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management of Cytokine Release Syndrome in Patients with Cancer: Focus on Infectious Disease Considerations.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2025Review
- First-in-human evaluation of a no-alpha interleukin-2 mutein: safety and preliminary pharmacodynamic and clinical effect.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Pharmacological strategies to overcome immune checkpoint inhibitor resistance in non-small cell lung cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- The immunobiology and therapeutic potential of regulatory T cells in autoimmune diseases and allergic diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- A tumor-conditional IL-15 safely synergizes with immunotherapy to enhance antitumor immune responses.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2024Article
- Into the Future: Fighting Melanoma with Immunity.Cancers · 2024Review
- Progress and prospects of mRNA-based drugs in pre-clinical and clinical applications.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- Advancements and challenges in immunocytokines: A new arsenal against cancer.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2024Review
- Targeting cytokine and chemokine signaling pathways for cancer therapy.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
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Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
High-dose recombinant human IL-2 (rhIL-2, aldesleukin) emerged as an important treatment option for selected patients with metastatic melanoma and metastatic renal cell carcinoma, producing durable and long-lasting antitumor responses in a small fraction of patients and heralding the potential of cancer immunotherapy. However, the adoption of high-dose rhIL-2 has been restricted by its severe treatment-related adverse event (TRAE) profile, which necessitates highly experienced clinical providers familiar with rhIL-2 administration and readily accessible critical care medicine support. Given the comparatively wide-ranging successes of immune checkpoint inhibitors and chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapies, there have been concerted efforts to significantly improve the efficacy and toxicities of IL-2-based immunotherapeutic approaches. In this review, we highlight novel drug development strategies, including biochemical modifications and engineered IL-2 variants, to expand the narrow therapeutic window of IL-2 by leveraging downstream activation of the IL-2 receptor to selectively expand anti-tumor CD8-positive T cells and natural killer cells. These modified IL-2 cytokines improve single-agent activity in solid tumor malignancies beyond the established United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) indications of metastatic melanoma and renal cell carcinoma, and may also be safer in rational combinations with established treatment modalities, including anti-PD-(L)1 and anti-CTLA-4 immunotherapy, chemotherapies, and targeted therapy approaches.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.