ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2023
Community Health Worker-Led Cardiovascular Disease Risk Screening and Referral for Care and Further Management in Rural and Urban Communities in Rwanda.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluating the outcomes of a community-based health literacy intervention for hypertension and diabetes in Harare, Zimbabwe: a cluster randomized controlled trial.BMC primary care · 2026Trial
- Cardiovascular Disease Screening Programs in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review.JACC. Advances · 2026Article
- Driving NCD screening at scale: outcomes of a digital, CHW-led hypertension surveillance program in rural Rwanda.BMC public health · 2026Article
- The Urgent Need to Harness Public Health Interventions to Tackle the Burden of Cardiovascular Diseases in Africa: Opportunities, Challenges, and Recommendations.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Use of digital health in task-sharing for prevention and management of non-communicable diseases in Africa: A scoping review.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Early Type 2 diabetes risk prediction using explainable machine learning in a two-stage approach.Frontiers in digital health · 2026Article
- A qualitative socioecological exploration of community health promoters' barriers and facilitators in cardiovascular disease prevention in Kenya.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Empowering citizens as frontline screeners: a framework with blended learning for cardiovascular risk assessment.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- High rates of voluntary clinic attendance among community members screened with high cardiovascular disease risk scores in the rural and urban communities of Adama, Ethiopia.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Blood pressure screening in Mata Sector, a rural area of Rwanda.Journal of human hypertension · 2025Article
- Enhancing Public Knowledge of Risk Factors and Warning Signs for Stroke and Heart Attack Through Home-Based Community Health Worker Interventions: A Cluster Randomized Trial.International journal of general medicine · 2025Article
- Bridging communities, prevention, and heart health: U.S. strategies for CHW cardiovascular training and integration.Frontiers in epidemiology · 2025Review
- Multi-country collaborative citizen science projects to co-design cardiovascular disease prevention strategies and advocacy: findings from Ethiopia, Malawi, Rwanda, and South Africa.BMC public health · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a global health issue. Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are facing early CVD-related morbidity. Early diagnosis and treatment are an effective strategy to tackle CVD. The aim of this study was to assess the ability of community health workers (CHWs) to screen and identify persons with high risks of CVD in the communities, using a body mass index (BMI)-based CVD risk assessment tool, and to refer them to the health facility for care and follow-up. This was an action research study conducted in rural and urban communities, conveniently sampled in Rwanda. Five villages were randomly selected from each community, and one CHW per each selected village was identified and trained to conduct CVD risk screening using a BMI-based CVD risk screening tool. Each CHW was assigned to screen 100 fellow community members (CMs) for CVD risk and to refer those with CVD risk scores ≥10 (either moderate or high CVD risk) to a health facility for care and further management. Descriptive statistics with Pearson's chi-square test were used to assess any differences between rural and urban study participants vis-à-vis the key studied variables. Spearman's rank coefficient and Cohen's Kappa coefficient were mainly used to compare the CVD risk scoring from the CHWs with the CVD risk scoring from the nurses. Community members aged 35 to 74 years were included in the study. The participation rates were 99.6% and 99.4% in rural and urban communities, respectively, with female predominance (57.8% vs. 55.3% for rural and urban,
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