ArticleNature communications2023
Convergent evolution of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants leading to the emergence of BQ.1.1 variant.
Article in Nature communications, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 92 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
92 citing papers in PubMed, 150 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Receptor-mimicking antibodies retain neutralization of recent SARS-CoV-2 variants.Biosafety and health · 2026Article
- Localized Rigidification and Allosteric Modulation Mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Neutralization by Class 3 and Class 4 Antibodies at Atomic Resolution: An Integrated Computational Study of Binding, Dynamics, and Allostery.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Balancing under constraint: Structural insights into norovirus evolution and antigenic innovation.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Epistasis and background dependence in the evolution of Omicron variants of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.Molecular biology and evolution · 2026Article
- Mechanisms of Binding and Immune Escape Resistance for Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies Targeting Distinct Conserved SARS-CoV-2 Spike Epitopes: A Hierarchical Approach Integrating Mutational Profiling and Energy Landscape Analysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Frustration Landscapes of Broadly Neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 Spike Antibodies Targeting Conserved Epitopes Reveal Energetic Logic of Escape-Proof and Escape-Prone Mechanisms.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Review
- Implementation of a SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance network as a strategy to face other health challenges in Peru.Revista peruana de medicina experimental y salud publica · 2026Article
- Optimized ACE2-Fc fusion proteins with picomolar neutralization activity against highly evolved SARS-CoV-2 variants.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2026Article
- Leveraging knowledge graphs and large language models for integrating molecular variants and clinical insights in COVID-19 research.Biosafety and health · 2026Article
- Antigenic remodeling of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike N-terminal domain links sequence variability to structural reorganization of a neutralizing antibody supersite.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Comparative analysis of immune escape and BCR repertoire remodeling after Omicron BF.7 and JN.1 infections.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 variants: biology, pathogenicity, immunity and control.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- A non-spike nucleocapsid R204P mutation in SARS-CoV-2 Omicron XEC enhances inflammation and pathogenicity.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Epistasis and background dependence in the evolution of Omicron variants of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- A public health perspective of SARS-CoV-2 evolution and surveillance strategies in Germany from 2020 to 2023.Communications medicine · 2025Review
- Evolution of BA.2.86 to JN.1 reveals that functional changes in non-structural viral proteins are required for fitness of SARS-CoV-2.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Structural Insights into the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein and Its Implications for Antibody Resistance.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Article
32 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
40 authors at 17 institutions in 6 countries.
Funding
Abstract
In late 2022, various Omicron subvariants emerged and cocirculated worldwide. These variants convergently acquired amino acid substitutions at critical residues in the spike protein, including residues R346, K444, L452, N460, and F486. Here, we characterize the convergent evolution of Omicron subvariants and the properties of one recent lineage of concern, BQ.1.1. Our phylogenetic analysis suggests that these five substitutions are recurrently acquired, particularly in younger Omicron lineages. Epidemic dynamics modelling suggests that the five substitutions increase viral fitness, and a large proportion of the fitness variation within Omicron lineages can be explained by these substitutions. Compared to BA.5, BQ.1.1 evades breakthrough BA.2 and BA.5 infection sera more efficiently, as demonstrated by neutralization assays. The pathogenicity of BQ.1.1 in hamsters is lower than that of BA.5. Our multiscale investigations illuminate the evolutionary rules governing the convergent evolution for known Omicron lineages as of 2022.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.