ArticleEuropean spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society2023
The mechanical loading of the spine in physical activities.
Article in European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Systematic Review of SMART Implantable Devices for Spinal Implants: Current Insights and Future Trends.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Pooled it
- The Impact of Exercise on Intervertebral Disc Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Pooled it
- Multiparametric CT-Based Adult Age Estimation Using Thoracic Vertebral Degenerative Changes, Vertebral Bone and Paraspinal Muscle Attenuation: A Regression-Based Approach.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- High prevalence of low bone mineral density in wheelchair users regardless of sports participation: a cross-sectional analysis of the bonewheel study.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Article
- Low back pain, quality of life, and functional disability among drivers and nurses working in home healthcare services: a cross-sectional study.BMC nursing · 2026Article
- Beyond the Neutral Spine: A Narrative Review and Modern Framework for Low Back Injury Prevention in Deadlifting.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Effects of adding thoracic spine exercises to routine soccer training on spinal alignment and mobility in professional male soccer players: a randomized controlled study.BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Validity and Reliability of Using a Belt-Worn Accelerometer on the Lower Back to Monitor Physical Activity.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Morphological and Compositional Features of Lumbar Multifidus in Athletes with Chronic Non-specific Low Back Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of sports physical therapy · 2026Article
- Review
- A Computational Multiscale Framework for Bone Remodeling: Coupling Apparent Density Evolution and Microscale Shape Optimization.International journal for numerical methods in biomedical engineering · 2025Article
- Effect of manual handling weight for lifting and carrying on the severity of acute occupational low back pain.International archives of occupational and environmental health · 2025Article
- Computational Assessment of Fracture Risk in Vertebral Bodies With Simulated Defects: The Role of Baseline Strength and Tumor Size.International journal for numerical methods in biomedical engineering · 2025Article
- Advancements in Nanotechnology for Spinal Surgery: Innovations in Spinal Fixation Devices for Enhanced Biomechanical Performance and Osteointegration.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Producing micro-finite element models from real-time clinical CT scanners: calibration, validation and material mapping strategies.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Analysis of Lumbar Joint Movement and Dynamics of Weightlifters.Applied bionics and biomechanics · 2025Article
- Return to sports/activity level after 360° thoracolumbar fusion after burst fractures in young patients.Brain & spine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo summarize the mechanical loading of the spine in different activities of daily living and sports.
methodsSince the direct measurement is not feasible in sports activities, a mathematical model was applied to quantify spinal loading of more than 600 physical tasks in more than 200 athletes from several sports disciplines. The outcome is compression and torque (normalized to body weight/mass) at L4/L5.
resultsThe data demonstrate high compressive forces on the lumbar spine in sport-related activities, which are much higher than forces reported in normal daily activities and work tasks. Especially ballistic jumping and landing skills yield high estimated compression at L4/L5 of more than ten times body weight. Jumping, landing, heavy lifting and weight training in sports demonstrate compression forces significantly higher than guideline recommendations for working tasks.
conclusionThese results may help to identify acute and long-term risks of low back pain and, thus, may guide the development of preventive interventions for low back pain or injury in athletes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.