ArticleAdvanced healthcare materials2023
Spatial Confinement Modulates Macrophage Response in Microporous Annealed Particle (MAP) Scaffolds.
Article in Advanced healthcare materials, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed.
- Physical continuity at biomaterial-ECM interfaces is associated with reduced fibroblast activation and NF-κB signaling.Biomaterials · 2026Article
- Photoresponsive Granular Hydrogels Enable Spatiotemporal Control of Matrix Mechanics and MSC Behavior.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- MAP Crosslinker Chirality Regulates Macrophage Polarization Through MD-2 Engagement and Enables Tunable Immunomodulation Through Novel Peptide Design.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Chirality-Encoded Biomaterials Regulate Local and Systemic Immune Responses in Transplantation.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Strategies to Microengineer Vascularized, Mineralized, and Immunomodulatory Niches for Dental Regeneration.Journal of endodontics · 2026Article
- Targeting delayed healing tissues: immune reprogramming of adaptive immune cells by biomaterials.Regenerative biomaterials · 2026Review
- Adaptive hydrogel platforms for infected bone defect repair: microenvironmental responsiveness, osteoimmunomodulation, and regenerative remodeling.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Review
- Granular Hydrogels as Modular Biomaterials: From Structural Design to Biological Responses.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Review
- Immiscible Phase Separation-Driven Microfabrication of Gelatin Methacryloyl Scaffolds for BMP-2 Delivery and Osteogenic Enhancement.Macromolecular bioscience · 2025Article
- Microgel Aspect Ratio Influences Injectable Granular Hydrogel Scaffold Pore Structure and Cellular Invasion for Tissue Repair.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Catalyst-modulated hydrogel dynamics for decoupling viscoelasticity and directing macrophage fate for diabetic wound healing.Bioactive materials · 2025Article
- Engineering Efferocytosis for Bone Regeneration.Macromolecular bioscience · 2025Review
- Practical Guide to the Design of Granular Hydrogels for Customizing Complex Cellular Microenvironments.Advanced healthcare materials · 2025Review
- Tuning the Morphological Properties of Granular Hydrogels to Control Lymphatic Capillary Formation.Advanced materials interfaces · 2025Article
- Applications of Osteoimmunomodulation Models in Evaluating Osteogenic Biomaterials.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2025Review
- Mechanisms of Baicalin Alleviates Intestinal Inflammation: Role of M1 Macrophage Polarization and Lactobacillus amylovorus.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Exploration of biomaterial-tissue integration in heterogeneous microporous annealed particle scaffolds in subcutaneous implants over 12 months.Acta biomaterialia · 2025Article
- Cell-scale porosity minimizes foreign body reaction and promotes innervated myofiber formation after volumetric muscle loss.NPJ Regenerative medicine · 2025Article
- Engineering the microstructure and spatial bioactivity of MAP scaffolds instructs vasculogenesis in vitro and modifies vessel formation in vivo.Advanced functional materials · 2025Article
- Physical cues in biomaterials modulate macrophage polarization for bone regeneration: a review.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Macrophages are essential in the initiation, maintenance, and transition of inflammatory processes such as foreign body response and wound healing. Mounting evidence suggests that physical factors also modulate macrophage activation. 2D in vitro systems demonstrate that constraining macrophages to small areas or channels modulates their phenotypes and changes their responses to known inflammatory agents such as lipopolysaccharide. However, how dimensionality and pore size affect macrophage phenotype is less explored. In this work, the change in macrophage M1/M2 polarization when confined in microporous annealed particle (MAP) scaffolds is studied. Particles sizes (40, 70, and 130 µm) are selected using outputs from software LOVAMAP that analyzes the characteristics of 3D pores in MAP gels. As the size of building block particle correlates with pore size inside the scaffolds, the three types of scaffold allow us to study how the degree of spatial confinement modulates the behavior of embedded macrophages. Spatially confining macrophages in scaffolds with pore size on the scale of cells leads to a reduced level of the inflammatory response, which is correlated with a change in cell morphology and motility.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.