ArticleBJPsych bulletin2023
Nasogastric tube feeding under physical restraint: comprehensive audit and case series across in-patient mental health units in England.
Article in BJPsych bulletin, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Psychological Effects of Nasogastric Tube (NGT) in Patients with Anorexia Nervosa: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2024Pooled it
- Epidemiology of Intensive Nutritional Interventions and Restraints in Hospitalizations for Anorexia Nervosa: Annual National Trends of the United States.The International journal of eating disorders · 2026Article
- Clinical guidance for the use of nasogastric tube feeding under restraint in eating disorders care: a systematic scoping review.Journal of eating disorders · 2026Review
- Updated Dietetic Prescribing Guidelines When Naso-Gastric Tube Feeding Under Physical Restraint Is Required: A Modified Nominal Group Technique Study.Journal of human nutrition and dietetics : the official journal of the British Dietetic Association · 2026Article
- Physical and Psychological Effects of Nasogastric Tube (NGT) Use in Adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa: An Exploratory Study.Nutrients · 2026Article
- More pressure, more release? When compulsory care fails: an autonomy-supportive treatment policy as an alternative to failed compulsory care in inpatient care for youth with anorexia nervosa.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Navigating through trauma-informed care and behavioral treatment in young children with feeding problems.Frontiers in child and adolescent psychiatry · 2026Article
- "It gave me a sense of control in a treatment where I felt I had none": the use of social stories and preferences to reduce the use of restraint during nasogastric tube feeding in young people with anorexia nervosa.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Experiences of disordered eating and exercise behaviors of neurodivergent, gender diverse youth: A scoping review.International journal of transgender health · 2026Review
- Navigating the Complexities of Managing Severe Anorexia Nervosa in a Medical Ward: A Case Report.Cureus · 2025Article
- Article
- Discordant conceptualisations of eating disorder recovery and their influence on the construct of terminality.Journal of eating disorders · 2024Article
- Nasogastric tube feeding under restraint: understanding the impact and improving care.BJPsych bulletin · 2024Article
- Nasogastric Tube Feeding in Anorexia Nervosa: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis on Clinical Efficacy and Treatment Satisfaction.Nutrients · 2024Article
- The importance of individualised care, good communication and trust for reducing nasogastric tube feeding under physical restraint: qualitative multi-informant study.BJPsych open · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
AIMS AND
methodTo identify the clinical characteristics of patients receiving nasogastric tube (NGT) feeding under physical restraint. Clinicians participated via professional networks and subsequent telephone contact. In addition to completing a survey, participants were invited to submit up to ten case studies.
resultsThe survey response rate from in-patient units was 100% and 143 case studies were submitted. An estimated 622 patients received NGT feeding under restraint in England in 2020-2021. The most common diagnosis was anorexia nervosa (68.5-75.7%), with depression, anxiety and autism spectrum disorder the most frequent comorbidities. Patients receiving the intervention ranged from 11 to 60 years in age (mean 19.02 years). There was wide variation in duration of use, from once to daily for 312 weeks (mode 1 week; mean 29.1 weeks, s.d. = 50.8 weeks). CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: NGT feeding under restraint is not uncommon in England, with variation in implementation. Further research is needed to understand how the high comorbidity and complexity contribute to initiation and termination of the intervention.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.