ArticleBMC public health2023
Influence of social and meteorological factors on hand, foot, and mouth disease in Sichuan Province.
Article in BMC public health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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13 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Seasonal Trends of Major Respiratory, Gastrointestinal, and Other Viral Infections in Korea: An Analysis Before, During, and After the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic.Annals of laboratory medicine · 2026Review
- Dynamic changes of hand, foot, and mouth disease epidemic crossing three periods in Jiangxi Province, China: a long-term epidemiology retrospective study from 2009 to 2022.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- West-to-East transmission clusters and meteorological associations for severe hand foot and mouth disease in Shandong Province: a geospatial and GAM analysis.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Temperature-based spatiotemporal heterogeneity of hand, foot, and mouth disease transmission in China.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Hand, foot and mouth disease incidence in mainland China: temporal trends and projections to 2030.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Bayesian joint spatiotemporal modelling of primary infection and reinfection of HFMD at county level in Jiangsu, China, 2009-2023.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Transmission components of hand, foot, and mouth disease in Guangdong Province and their association with meteorological factors: a modelling study.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Spatiotemporal Distribution of Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease and the Influence of Air Pollutants and Socioeconomic Factors on Incidence in Fujian, China.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2025Article
- Analysis and forecast of hand, foot, and mouth disease epidemic trends in Guangzhou, China, 2013-2023.PloS one · 2025Article
- Interactive and lag effects of environmental factors on the density of schistosome-transmitting Oncomelania hupensis: A twelve-year monthly repeated survey.Parasitology research · 2024Article
- Spatiotemporal Changes and Influencing Factors of Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease in Guangzhou, China, From 2013 to 2022: Retrospective Analysis.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2024Article
- Assessing the modification impact of vaccination on the relationship of the Discomfort Index with hand, foot, and mouth disease in Guizhou: A multicounty study.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Study on association factors of intestinal infectious diseases based-Bayesian spatio-temporal model.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) caused by a variety of enteroviruses remains a major public health problem in China. Previous studies have found that social factors may contribute to the inconsistency of the relationship patterns between meteorological factors and HFMD, but the conclusions are inconsistent. The influence of social factors on the association between meteorology and HFMD is still less well understood. We aimed to analyze whether social factors affected the effect of meteorological factors on HFMD in Sichuan Province.
methodWe collected daily data on HFMD, meteorological factors and social factors in Sichuan Province from 2011 to 2017. First, we used a Bayesian spatiotemporal model combined with a distributed lag nonlinear model to evaluate the exposure-lag-response association between meteorological factors and HFMD. Second, by constructing the interaction of meteorological factors and social factors in the above model, the changes in the relative risk (RR) under different levels of social factors were evaluated.
resultsThe cumulative exposure curves for average temperature, relative humidity, and HFMD were shaped like an inverted "V" and a "U" shape. As the average temperature increased, the RR increased and peaked at 19 °C (RR 1.020 [95% confidence interval CI 1.004-1.050]). The urbanization rate, per capita gross domestic product (GDP), population density, birth rate, number of beds in health care centers and number of kindergartens interacted with relative humidity. With the increase in social factors, the correlation curve between relative humidity and HFMD changed from an "S" shape to a "U" shape.
conclusionsRelative humidity and average temperature increased the risk of HFMD within a certain range, and social factors enhanced the impact of high relative humidity. These results could provide insights into the combined role of environmental factors in HFMD and useful information for regional interventions.
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