ReviewNature protocols2023
A distal lung organoid model to study interstitial lung disease, viral infection and human lung development.
Review in Nature protocols, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed.
- Endowing Flexibility of Alveolar Type II Cells to Recapitulate Development From Lung Bud to Alveoli.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Organoids: Current Applications and Future Directions.MedComm · 2026Review
- Preclinical models of COPD: a state of the art review.The European respiratory journal · 2026Review
- Tutorial: interrogating biology using organoid technologies.Nature protocols · 2026Review
- Endodermal Organoids Along Two Axes: Single-Organ Fidelity, Inter-Organ Reconstruction, and the Unbuilt Gut-Lung Frontier.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2026Review
- Beyond Pathogens: Modulating the Commensal Microbiota to Reshape Immunity for Respiratory Disease Intervention.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Stage-adaptive integration of polydopamine promotes human pluripotent stem cell-derived alveolar organoids differentiation and maturation.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Co-optation of the regenerative role of type 2 alveolar cells in distal lung repair in mice by terminal airway epithelial cells in humans.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Application of human induced pluripotent stem cells for tissue modeling and therapy: are we on track?Stem cells (Dayton, Ohio) · 2026Review
- Tumor organoids as a revolutionary platform for advancing cancer nanomedicine.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- Organoids: From Bench to Bedside Applications.MedComm · 2026Review
- An HDAC4-specific PROTAC degrader achieves radiation sensitization by enhancing ferroptosis in lung cancer.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Proof-of-Concept Evaluation of Primary Human FAP-CAR-NK Cells Targeting Activated Fibroblasts in Pulmonary Fibrosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Advances in our understanding of distal progenitors in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: implications for novel therapeutics.The European respiratory journal · 2026Review
- Mapping cellular and ECM heterogeneity in pulmonary fibrosis - insights from recent spatiomics studies.Cell biomaterials · 2026Article
- Pulmonary organoid models demonstrate compositionally driven epithelial plasticity and immune polarization.iScience · 2026Article
- Human respiratory airway progenitors derived from pluripotent cells generate alveolar epithelial cells and model pulmonary fibrosis.Nature biotechnology · 2026Article
- Animal models of benign airway stenosis: Advances in construction techniques, evaluation systems, and perspectives.Animal models and experimental medicine · 2026Review
- A human lung organoid platform for studying radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis and antifibrotic drug screening.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Integrating synthetic biology to understand and engineer the heart, lung, blood, and sleep systems.Cell systems · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Organoids have been an exciting advancement in stem cell research. Here we describe a strategy for directed differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into distal lung organoids. This protocol recapitulates lung development by sequentially specifying human pluripotent stem cells to definitive endoderm, anterior foregut endoderm, ventral anterior foregut endoderm, lung bud organoids and finally lung organoids. The organoids take ~40 d to generate and can be maintained more than 180 d, while progressively maturing up to a stage consistent with the second trimester of human gestation. They are unique because of their branching morphology, the near absence of non-lung endodermal lineages, presence of mesenchyme and capacity to recapitulate interstitial lung diseases. This protocol can be performed by anyone familiar with cell culture techniques, is conducted in serum-free conditions and does not require lineage-specific reporters or enrichment steps. We also provide a protocol for the generation of single-cell suspensions for single-cell RNA sequencing.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.