ArticleJournal of synchrotron radiation2023
Harmonic radiation contribution and X-ray transmission at the Small Quantum Systems instrument of European XFEL.
Article in Journal of synchrotron radiation, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- High gas-pressure apparatus for nonlinear X-ray propagation and reshaping via stimulated X-ray Raman scattering.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- High magnification optical imaging systems for the characterization of soft X-ray focii.Journal of synchrotron radiation · 2025Article
- Imaging a light-induced molecular elimination reaction with an X-ray free-electron laser.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Direct observation of ultrafast symmetry reduction during internal conversion of 2-thiouracil using Coulomb explosion imaging.Nature communications · 2025Article
- A 1D imaging soft X-ray spectrometer for the small quantum systems instrument at the European XFEL.Journal of synchrotron radiation · 2024Article
- Multiple-core-hole resonance spectroscopy with ultraintense X-ray pulses.Nature communications · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
25 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Transmission measurements of the soft X-ray beamline to the Small Quantum Systems (SQS) scientific instrument at the SASE3 undulator of European XFEL are presented. Measurements are reported for a wide range of photon energies (650 eV to 2400 eV), using X-ray gas monitors as well as a bolometric radiometer. The results are in good agreement with simulations for the beam transport and show a transmission of up to 80% over the whole photon energy range. The contribution of second- and third-harmonic radiation of the soft X-ray undulator is determined at selected photon energies by performing transmission measurements using a gas absorber to provide variable attenuation of the incoming photon flux. A comparison of the results with semi-analytic calculations for the generation of free-electron laser pulses in the SASE3 undulator reveals an influence of apertures along the beam transport on the exact harmonic content to be accounted for at the experiment. The second-harmonic content is measured to be in the range of 0.1% to 0.3%, while the third-harmonic contributed a few percent to the SASE3 emission. For experiments at the SQS instrument, these numbers can be reduced through specific selections of the mirror reflection angles.
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