ArticleBMJ open2023
Training the public health emergency response workforce: a mixed-methods approach to evaluating the virtual reality modality.
Article in BMJ open, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Technology Acceptance Model in Medical Education: Systematic Review.JMIR medical education · 2025Pooled it
- Effectiveness of VR and traditional training in medical education for mass casualty management: an OSCE-based randomized controlled trial.BMC medical education · 2026Trial
- Human resource development in public health emergency management: a scoping review.BMJ public health · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo produce and evaluate a novel virtual reality (VR) training for public health emergency responders.
designFollowing a VR training designed to test key public health emergency responder competencies, a prospective cohort of participants completed surveys rating self-assessed skill levels and perceptions of training methods.
settingThe VR training sessions were administered in a quiet room at the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Georgia.
participantsAll participants volunteered from a list of CDC emergency international surge responders. OUTCOME MEASURES: Perceived impact of the training on responder skills was self-reported via a Likert 5-point scale questionnaire. Assessments were modelled according to the Expanded Technology Acceptance Model measuring participant
resultsFrom November 2019 to January 2020, 61 participants were enrolled. Most (98%) participants self-rated above neutral for all skills (mean 4.3; range 1.21-5.00). Regression modelling showed that the
conclusionsAt a time when a trained emergency public health workforce is a critical need, VR may be an option for addressing this gap. Participants' impressions and feedback, in the setting of their high skill level and experience, highlighted the utility and benefit of using VR to deliver training. Further research is needed to determine skill acquisition through VR training among a pool of future responders with limited to no response experience.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.