ArticleBJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology2025
Neonatal mortality risk of vulnerable newborns: A descriptive analysis of subnational, population-based birth cohorts for 238 203 live births in low- and middle-income settings from 2000 to 2017.
Article in BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- The effects of prenatal multiple micronutrient supplementation and small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplementation on small vulnerable newborn types in low-income and middle-income countries: a meta-analysis of individual participant data.The Lancet. Global health · 2025Pooled it
- The effects of prenatal multiple micronutrient supplementation and small-quantity lipid-based nutrient supplementation on small vulnerable newborn types in low-income and middle-income countries: a meta-analysis of individual participant data.The Lancet. Global health · 2025Pooled it
- Associations between Nugent-bacterial vaginosis and preterm birth and other adverse pregnancy outcomes in rural northwestern Bangladesh.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2026Trial
- Interpretable prediction of neonatal mortality and its key predictors using machine learning and SHAP analysis.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2026Article
- Neonatal mortality risk of vulnerable newborns: A descriptive analysis of subnational, population-based birth cohorts for 238 203 live births in low- and middle-income settings from 2000 to 2017.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2025Article
- Vulnerable newborn types: Analysis of population-based registries for 165 million births in 23 countries, 2000-2021.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2025Article
- Stillbirths: Contribution of preterm birth and size-for-gestational age for 125.4 million total births from nationwide records in 13 countries, 2000-2020.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2025Article
- Prevalence of Large-for-Gestational Age and Macrosomia Among Livebirths in 23 Low- and Middle-Income Countries Between 2000 and 2021: An Individual Participant Data Analysis.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2025Article
- Mortality and risk factors of small vulnerable newborns in 32 low- and middle-income countries.BMC medicine · 2025Article
- Born too soon: global epidemiology of preterm birth and drivers for change.Reproductive health · 2025Article
- Mortality, morbidity and growth among moderately low birthweight infants in India, Malawi, and Tanzania.BMC pediatrics · 2025Observational
- Mapping neonatal vulnerability using the Small Vulnerable Newborn (SVN) framework-secondary analysis of PRISMA Pakistan study.The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia · 2025Article
- Early Neonatal Mortality (< 24 h) in Ecuador: A Population-Based Study on the Impact of Apgar Score, Gestational Age, Birth Weight, Delivery Type, and Healthcare Level.International journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- Article
- Analysis of Risk Determinants of Neonatal Mortality in the Last Decade: A Systematic Literature Review (2013-2023).Pediatric reports · 2024Review
- Young Infant Mortality Associated with Preterm and Small-for-Gestational-Age Births in Rural Bangladesh: A Prospective Cohort Study.The Journal of pediatrics · 2024Article
- Young Infant Mortality Associated with Preterm and Small-for-Gestational-Age Births in Rural Bangladesh: A Prospective Cohort Study.The Journal of pediatrics · 2024Article
- Young Infant Mortality Associated with Preterm and Small-for-Gestational-Age Births in Rural Bangladesh: A Prospective Cohort Study.The Journal of pediatrics · 2024Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
65 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveWe aimed to understand the mortality risks of vulnerable newborns (defined as preterm and/or born weighing smaller or larger compared to a standard population), in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
designDescriptive multi-country, secondary analysis of individual-level study data of babies born since 2000.
settingSixteen subnational, population-based studies from nine LMICs in sub-Saharan Africa, Southern and Eastern Asia, and Latin America. POPULATION: Live birth neonates.
methodsWe categorically defined five vulnerable newborn types based on size (large- or appropriate- or small-for-gestational age [LGA, AGA, SGA]), and term (T) and preterm (PT): T + LGA, T + SGA, PT + LGA, PT + AGA, and PT + SGA, with T + AGA (reference). A 10-type definition included low birthweight (LBW) and non-LBW, and a four-type definition collapsed AGA/LGA into one category. We performed imputation for missing birthweights in 13 of the studies.
main outcome measuresMedian and interquartile ranges by study for the prevalence, mortality rates and relative mortality risks for the four, six and ten type classification.
resultsThere were 238 203 live births with known neonatal status. Four of the six types had higher mortality risk: T + SGA (median relative risk [RR] 2.6, interquartile range [IQR] 2.0-2.9), PT + LGA (median RR 7.3, IQR 2.3-10.4), PT + AGA (median RR 6.0, IQR 4.4-13.2) and PT + SGA (median RR 10.4, IQR 8.6-13.9). T + SGA, PT + LGA and PT + AGA babies who were LBW, had higher risk compared with non-LBW babies.
conclusionsSmall and/or preterm babies in LIMCs have a considerably increased mortality risk compared with babies born at term and larger. This classification system may advance the understanding of the social determinants and biomedical risk factors along with improved treatment that is critical for newborn health.
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