ArticleFrontiers in immunology2023
Cholera toxin B scaffolded, focused SIV V2 epitope elicits antibodies that influence the risk of SIV
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Preferential engagement of the anti-inflammatory ATP/adenosine axis by HIV vaccine candidate with V1-deleted envelope in male rhesus macaques.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- hERG epitope mimic-decoy peptide corrects autoimmune-long QT syndrome in guinea pigs.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- Friend or foe: divergent immunomodulatory effects of metabolites derived from the virucidal zinc finger inhibitor SAMT-247.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Loss of HIV candidate vaccine efficacy in male macaques by mucosal nanoparticle immunization rescued by V2-specific response.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Vaccine induced mucosal and systemic memory NK/ILCs elicit decreased risk of SIV/SHIV acquisition.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Introduction: An efficacious HIV vaccine will need to elicit a complex package of innate, humoral, and cellular immune responses. This complex package of responses to vaccine candidates has been studied and yielded important results, yet it has been a recurring challenge to determine the magnitude and protective effect of specific Method: We generated a novel vaccine by incorporating the V2 loop B-cell epitope in the cholera toxin B (CTB) scaffold and compared two new immunization regimens to a historically protective 'standard' vaccine regimen (SVR) consisting of 2xDNA prime boosted with 2xALVAC-SIV and 1xΔV1gp120. We immunized a cohort of macaques with 5xCTB-V2c vaccine+alum intramuscularly simultaneously with topical intrarectal vaccination of CTB-V2c vaccine without alum (5xCTB-V2/alum). In a second group, we tested a modified version of the SVR consisting of 2xDNA prime and boosted with 1xALVAC-SIV and 2xALVAC-SIV+CTB-V2/alum, (DA/CTB-V2c/alum). Results: In the absence of any other anti-viral antibodies, V2c epitope was highly immunogenic when incorporated in the CTB scaffold and generated highly functional anti-V2c antibodies in the vaccinated animals. 5xCTB-V2c/alum vaccination mediated non-neutralizing ADCC activity and efferocytosis, but produced low avidity, trogocytosis, and no neutralization of tier 1 virus. Furthermore, DA/CTB-V2c/alum vaccination also generated lower total ADCC activity, avidity, and neutralization compared to the SVR. These data suggest that the ΔV1gp120 boost in the SVR yielded more favorable immune responses than its CTB-V2c counterpart. Vaccination with the SVR generates CCR5 Conclusion: Taken together, these data suggest that individual viral spike B-cell epitopes can be highly immunogenic and functional as isolated immunogens, although they might not be sufficient on their own to provide full protection against HIV/SIV infection.
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