ArticleFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology2023
Evaluating the effect of SARS-CoV-2 spike mutations with a linear doubly robust learner.
Article in Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein's Structural Dynamics Affect the Activity of the Bebtelovimab Antibody.Journal of chemical information and modeling · 2026Article
- Is SARS-CoV-2 facing constraints in its adaptive evolution?Biomolecules & biomedicine · 2025Review
- Study on sentinel hosts for surveillance of future COVID-19-like outbreaks.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- UnCoVar: a reproducible and scalable workflow for transparent and robust virus variant calling and lineage assignment using SARS-CoV-2 as an example.BMC genomics · 2024Article
- Tracing the adaptive evolution of SARS-CoV-2 during vaccine roll-out in Norway.Virus evolution · 2024Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Driven by various mutations on the viral Spike protein, diverse variants of SARS-CoV-2 have emerged and prevailed repeatedly, significantly prolonging the pandemic. This phenomenon necessitates the identification of key Spike mutations for fitness enhancement. To address the need, this manuscript formulates a well-defined framework of causal inference methods for evaluating and identifying key Spike mutations to the viral fitness of SARS-CoV-2. In the context of large-scale genomes of SARS-CoV-2, it estimates the statistical contribution of mutations to viral fitness across lineages and therefore identifies important mutations. Further, identified key mutations are validated by computational methods to possess functional effects, including Spike stability, receptor-binding affinity, and potential for immune escape. Based on the effect score of each mutation, individual key fitness-enhancing mutations such as D614G and T478K are identified and studied. From individual mutations to protein domains, this paper recognizes key protein regions on the Spike protein, including the receptor-binding domain and the N-terminal domain. This research even makes further efforts to investigate viral fitness
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Registered trials
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