Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37152443›Full record

ArticleNeurology. Genetics2023

Distinguishing Loss-of-Function and Gain-of-Function

Joshua B Hack, Kyle Horning, Denise M Juroske Short, John M Schreiber, Joseph C Watkins, Michael F Hammer

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Neurology. Genetics, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
7.8field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Joshua B HackBIO5 Institute (J.B.H., M.F.H.), University of Arizona, Tucson; CombinedBrain (K.H.), Brentwood; DenGen Consulting (D.M.J.S.), Rocky Top, TN; Children's National Medical Center (J.M.S.), Department of Neurology, Washington, DC; Department of Mathematics (J.C.W.), University of Arizona; and Neurology Department (M.F.H.), University of Arizona, Tucson.
Kyle HorningBIO5 Institute (J.B.H., M.F.H.), University of Arizona, Tucson; CombinedBrain (K.H.), Brentwood; DenGen Consulting (D.M.J.S.), Rocky Top, TN; Children's National Medical Center (J.M.S.), Department of Neurology, Washington, DC; Department of Mathematics (J.C.W.), University of Arizona; and Neurology Department (M.F.H.), University of Arizona, Tucson.
Denise M Juroske ShortBIO5 Institute (J.B.H., M.F.H.), University of Arizona, Tucson; CombinedBrain (K.H.), Brentwood; DenGen Consulting (D.M.J.S.), Rocky Top, TN; Children's National Medical Center (J.M.S.), Department of Neurology, Washington, DC; Department of Mathematics (J.C.W.), University of Arizona; and Neurology Department (M.F.H.), University of Arizona, Tucson.
John M SchreiberBIO5 Institute (J.B.H., M.F.H.), University of Arizona, Tucson; CombinedBrain (K.H.), Brentwood; DenGen Consulting (D.M.J.S.), Rocky Top, TN; Children's National Medical Center (J.M.S.), Department of Neurology, Washington, DC; Department of Mathematics (J.C.W.), University of Arizona; and Neurology Department (M.F.H.), University of Arizona, Tucson.
Joseph C WatkinsBIO5 Institute (J.B.H., M.F.H.), University of Arizona, Tucson; CombinedBrain (K.H.), Brentwood; DenGen Consulting (D.M.J.S.), Rocky Top, TN; Children's National Medical Center (J.M.S.), Department of Neurology, Washington, DC; Department of Mathematics (J.C.W.), University of Arizona; and Neurology Department (M.F.H.), University of Arizona, Tucson.
Michael F HammerBIO5 Institute (J.B.H., M.F.H.), University of Arizona, Tucson; CombinedBrain (K.H.), Brentwood; DenGen Consulting (D.M.J.S.), Rocky Top, TN; Children's National Medical Center (J.M.S.), Department of Neurology, Washington, DC; Department of Mathematics (J.C.W.), University of Arizona; and Neurology Department (M.F.H.), University of Arizona, Tucson.
University of Arizona · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Pathogenic variants at the voltage-gated sodium channel gene, Methods: We performed an exhaustive search for individuals deemed to carry SCN8A GOF and LOF variants by means of in vitro studies in heterologous cell systems, or because the variant was classified as truncating, and recorded clinical features. This resulted in a total of 69 LOF variants: 34 missense and 35 truncating variants, including 9 nonsense, 13 frameshift, 6 splice site, 6 indels, and 1 large deletion. We then assembled a truth set of variants with known functional effects, excluding individuals carrying variants at other loci associated with epilepsy. We then trained a predictive model based on random forest using this truth set of 45 LOF variants and 45 GOF variants randomly selected from a set of variants tested by in vitro methods. Results: Phenotypic categories assigned to individuals correlated strongly with GOF or LOF variants. All patients with GOF variants experienced early-onset seizures (mean age at onset = 4.5 ± 3.1 months) while only 64.4% patients with LOF variants had seizures, most of which were late-onset absence seizures (mean age at onset = 40.0 ± 38.1 months). With high accuracy (95.4%), our model including 5 key clinical features classified individuals with GOF and LOF variants into 2 distinct cohorts differing in age at seizure onset, development of seizures, seizure type, intellectual disability, and developmental and epileptic encephalopathy. Discussion: The results support the hypothesis that patients with

Identifiers

PMID37152443
PMCPMC10160958
OpenAlexW4367058962

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.