ArticleHealth science reports2023
Multiple indicators of violence against female sex workers and its associated factors in Ghana: Evidence from the 2015 integrated bio-behavioral surveillance survey cross-sectional study.
Article in Health science reports, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sexually transmitted infections in Ghana: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Pooled it
- Global Prevalence of Sexual Violence Among Cisgender Female Sex Workers: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Archives of sexual behavior · 2026Pooled it
- Risk, Resilience and Survival: Migrant Sex Workers on Accra's Oxford Street, Ghana.Public health challenges · 2026Article
- Perceived Social Support, Contact Violence Experience, and Sexually Transmitted Infection Risk among Gambian Female Sex Workers: A LASSO-Guided, Causal Inference, and Multilevel Analysis.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2026Article
- Comparative analysis of emotional and behavioral problems among adolescent offspring of female sex workers and residents of urban slum, Bangladesh.Discover mental health · 2025Article
- "He showed me a knife and said they would kill me and no one would know or care": a qualitative study into the experiences of transnational sex workers in Ghana.BMC women's health · 2025Article
- Condomless sexual encounters among female sex workers included in a longitudinal coital diary study in Zimbabwe.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Adverse Childhood Experiences increase the lifetime experience of violence poly-victimization among female sex worker in Hai Phong, Vietnam.Journal of health sciences (Haiphong, Vietnam) · 2024Article
- Biobehavioral survey using time location sampling among female sex workers living in Ghana in 2020.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Multiple indicators of violence against female sex workers and its associated factors in Ghana: Evidence from the 2015 integrated bio-behavioral surveillance survey cross-sectional study.Health science reports · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background and Aims: Violence against female sex workers (FSWs) is a widespread phenomenon, especially in African nations like Ghana where sex work is outlawed primarily because of the pervasive worldview that sex work is a contravention of morality. Violence against FSWs deters them from accessing critical health services and heightens their risk of STIs including HIV infection. The study examined the prevalence and the associated factors of multiple indicators of violence against FSWs. Methods: The study utilized a cross-sectional secondary data from the 2015 Integrated Bio-Behavioral Surveillance Survey conducted among FSWs and their nonpaying partners by Ghana AIDS Commission. We analysed data on a total of 4279 participants. Bivariate, and multivariable logistic regression analyses were utilized to identify factors associated with physical and sexual violence against FSWs. Data were analysed using Stata version 15. Results: Of the 4279 FSWs, 433 (10%) and 1059 (25%) suffered physical and sexual violence, respectively. The predictors of physical violence are being a seater (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.53, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.36-0.74), aged ≥40 (aOR = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.08-0.64), nonuse of drugs (aOR = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.44-0.70), not using alcohol before sex (aOR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.56-0.86) and petty business (aOR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.05-1.82). Sexual violence was predicted by those aged 31-40 (aOR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.49-0.94) and age ≥40 (aOR = 0.38, 95% CI: 0.22-0.66), currently married (aOR = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.27-0.67), having no living children (aOR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.51-0.94), nonuse of drugs (aOR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.68-0.94), and not using alcohol before sex (aOR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.63-0.86). Region was associated with both physical and sexual violence. Both physical and sexual violence had negative consequences on consistency of condom use and condom failure among FSWs. Conclusion: Physical and sexual violence against FSWs is pervasive, and a critical public health issue in Ghana. The identified associated factors could be considered as part of an overall strategy aimed at addressing the menace.
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