ArticleMolecular therapy. Nucleic acids2023
Self-replicating RNA nanoparticle vaccine elicits protective immune responses against SARS-CoV-2.
Article in Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Signatures of Trained Immunity Following mRNA Vaccination: Differences Between mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2.Journal of clinical immunology · 2025Article
- The advent of clinical self-amplifying RNA vaccines.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Review
- Replicon RNA vaccines: design, delivery, and immunogenicity in infectious diseases and cancer.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2025Review
- Harnessing cellular immunity for next-generation vaccines against respiratory viruses: mechanisms, platforms, and optimization strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Therapeutic Vaccination in Lung Cancer: Past Attempts, Current Approaches and Future Promises.Journal of respiratory biology and translational medicine · 2025Article
- Review
- mRNA medicine: Recent progresses in chemical modification, design, and engineering.Nano research · 2024Article
- Review
- RNA Combined with Nanoformulation to Advance Therapeutic Technologies.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The creation of safe and effective vaccines that induce potent cellular and humoral immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 is urgently needed to end the global COVID-19 epidemic. Here, we developed an alphavirus-derived self-replicating RNA (repRNA)-based vaccine platform encoding the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein. The repRNA triggers prolonged antigen expression compared with conventional mRNA due to the replication machinery of repRNA. To improve the delivery and vaccine efficacy of repRNA, we developed a self-assembling liposome-protamine-RNA (LPR) nanoparticle with highly efficient encapsulation and transfection of repRNA. LPR-repRNA vaccines substantially activated type I interferon response and innate immune signaling pathways. Subcutaneous immunization of LPR-repRNA-RBD led to prolonged antigen expression, stimulation of innate immune cells, and induction of germinal center response in draining lymph nodes. LPR-repRNA-RBD induced antigen-specific T cell responses and skewed cellular immunity toward an effector memory CD8
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.