ArticleHeliyon2023
Investigating the effect of electrosprayed alginate/PVA beads size on the microbial growth kinetics: Phenol biodegradation through immobilized activated sludge.
Article in Heliyon, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sequential removal of cyanide and phenol using zerovalent iron andRSC advances · 2026Article
- Optimization of immobilized activated sludge performance in electro-sprayed matrices for treatment of cellulose industry wastewater.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- An Overview of Microorganisms Immobilized in a Gel Structure for the Production of Precursors, Antibiotics, and Valuable Products.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Removal of Phenol byMicroorganisms · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The presence of cyclic organic compounds, including phenol, in the wastewater of many industries has made phenol removal an important issue. Meanwhile, the biological methods of removing phenol have attracted the attention of researchers in recent years. Recently, the use of immobilized microbial cells is proposed as a new approach in industrial wastewater treatment. In this research, the aim is to study the effect of immobilized beads size on the phenol biodegradation efficiency and specific microbial growth rate. For this purpose, electrospray technique was used to immobilize activated sludge in hybrid matrix of alginate and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The fabricated alginate/PVA beads were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Evaluation of the results related to the free and immobilized cell systems in the shake flask experiments showed that at low phenol concentrations the immobilized cell system had the same performance as the free cell system, while the immobilized cell system at higher concentrations had a better performance in removing phenol so that at a concentration of 2000 mg/L, removal percentage has increased from 15% to 25-34%. On the other hand, in this survey, the kinetic behavior of activated sludge was in good agreement with Haldane's equation. Moreover, the maximum specific growth rate was measured 0.033 and 0.041 (h
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