ArticleRespiratory research2023
IL-6 and cfDNA monitoring throughout COVID-19 hospitalization are accurate markers of its outcomes.
Article in Respiratory research, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cell-Free DNA-Based Theranostics for Inflammatory Disorders.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Significance of neutrophil extracellular traps and low-density granulocytes in advanced chronic kidney disease (stage 5D) cases with COVID-19.Renal failure · 2025Article
- Serum lactate dehydrogenase as a prognostic marker for 90-day mortality in connective tissue disease patients receiving glucocorticoids and hospitalized with pneumonia: a cohort study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Association between cytokine and increased risk of death in ART- naïve and ART-non-adherence patients hospitalized with advanced HIV disease.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Observational
- [Examination of the Thermal Stability and Swallowing Safety of a Self-Developed Enteral Nutrition Thickening Agent].Sichuan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical science edition · 2024Article
- [Correlations of obesity and elevated interleukin-6 levels with length of stay in COVID-19 patients in Korea: a retrospective study].Journal of Korean biological nursing science · 2024Article
- Hypobaric hypoxia modulated structural characteristics of circulating cell-free DNA in high-altitude pulmonary edema.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2024Article
- What is the actual relationship between neutrophil extracellular traps and COVID-19 severity? A longitudinal study.Respiratory research · 2024Article
- Protection against Severe Illness versus Immunity-Redefining Vaccine Effectiveness in the Aftermath of COVID-19.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- IL-6 and cfDNA monitoring throughout COVID-19 hospitalization are accurate markers of its outcomes.Respiratory research · 2023Article
- Self-DNA driven inflammation in COVID-19 and after mRNA-based vaccination: lessons for non-COVID-19 pathologies.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Clinical Characteristics of Severe COVID-19 Patients During Omicron Epidemic and a Nomogram Model Integrating Cell-Free DNA for Predicting Mortality: A Retrospective Analysis.Infection and drug resistance · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSevere COVID-19 entails a dysregulated immune response, most likely inflammation related to a lack of virus control. A better understanding of immune toxicity, immunosuppression balance, and COVID-19 assessments could help determine whether different clinical presentations are driven by specific types of immune responses. The progression of the immune response and tissular damage could predict outcomes and may help in the management of patients.
methodsWe collected 201 serum samples from 93 hospitalised patients classified as moderately, severely, and critically ill. We differentiated the viral, early inflammatory, and late inflammatory phases and included 72 patients with 180 samples in separate stages for longitudinal study and 55 controls. We studied selected cytokines, P-selectin, and the tissue damage markers lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and cell-free DNA (cfDNA).
resultsTNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, and G-CSF were associated with severity and mortality, but only IL-6 increased since admission in the critical patients and non-survivors, correlating with damage markers. The lack of a significant decrease in IL-6 levels in the critical patients and non-survivors in the early inflammatory phase (a decreased presence in the other patients) suggests that these patients did not achieve viral control on days 10-16. For all patients, lactate dehydrogenase and cfDNA levels increased with severity, and cfDNA levels increased in the non-survivors from the first sample (p = 0.002) to the late inflammatory phase (p = 0.031). In the multivariate study, cfDNA was an independent risk factor for mortality and ICU admission.
conclusionsThe distinct progression of IL-6 levels in the course of the disease, especially on days 10-16, was a good marker of progression to critical status and mortality and could guide the start of IL-6 blockade. cfDNA was an accurate marker of severity and mortality from admission and throughout COVID-19 progression.
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