SynthesisBMC public health2023
National cervical cancer burden estimation through systematic review and analysis of publicly available data in Pakistan.
Synthesis in BMC public health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) prevalence and genotype distribution among women in Karachi, Pakistan.Journal of virus eradication · 2026Article
- Pakistan's 2025 HPV Vaccine Phase I Rollout: Community Response, Implementation Challenges & Way Forward.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Cervical Screening Experiences among Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Muslim Women in Australia: A Scoping Review.Journal of immigrant and minority health · 2026Article
- Low public awareness of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine and associated challenges in Pakistan: an editorial.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026Article
- From global to local: Developing a context-specific BeSD-HPV tool through cultural and linguistic adaptation in Pakistan.PloS one · 2026Article
- Moroccan and Pakistani women's knowledge and perceptions on cervical cancer screening and HPV self-sampling acceptability in Catalonia, Spain: a mixed-methods study.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Late-stage diagnosis and its impact on survival in Pakistani women with cervical cancer: Findings from an institutional cancer registry.Pakistan journal of medical sciences · 2025Article
- Genetic analysis of HPV-16 L1 gene mutations and computational screening of therapeutic inhibitors for cervical cancer treatment.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Article
- Insufficient resources for cervical cancer in Pakistan: a significant burden on public health.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Article
- Article
- Cervical cancer screening service utilisation and related factors among women on antiretroviral therapy in public health facilities of Asella town, Ethiopia, cross-sectional study.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Nurses and doctors 's awareness and knowledge towards treatment and care of cervical cancer patients: a cross-sectional study.BMC nursing · 2023Article
- Knowledge, attitudes, and barriers to cervical cancer screening utilization among female healthcare professionals in the Tamale Metropolis.Women's health (London, England)Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCervical cancer is a major cause of cancer-related deaths among women worldwide. Paucity of data on cervical cancer burden in countries like Pakistan hamper requisite resource allocation.
objectiveTo estimate the burden of cervical cancer in Pakistan using available data sources.
methodsWe performed a systematic review to identify relevant data on Pakistan between 1995 to 2022. Study data identified through the systematic review that provided enough information to allow age specific incidence rates and age standardized incidence rates (ASIR) calculations for cervical cancer were merged. Population at risk estimates were derived and adjusted for important variables in the care-seeking pathway. The calculated ASIRs were applied to 2020 population estimates to estimate the number of cervical cancer cases in Pakistan.
resultsA total of 13 studies reported ASIRs for cervical cancer for Pakistan. Among the studies selected, the Karachi Cancer Registry reported the highest disease burden estimates for all reported time periods: 1995-1997 ASIR = 6.81, 1998-2002 ASIR = 7.47, and 2017-2019 ASIR = 6.02 per 100,000 women. Using data from Karachi, Punjab and Pakistan Atomic Energy Cancer Registries from 2015-2019, we derived an unadjusted ASIR for cervical cancer of 4.16 per 100,000 women (95% UI 3.28, 5.28). Varying model assumptions produced adjusted ASIRs ranging from 5.2 to 8.4 per 100,000 women. We derived an adjusted ASIR of 7.60, (95% UI 5.98, 10.01) and estimated 6166 (95% UI 4833, 8305) new cases of cervical cancer per year.
conclusionThe estimated cervical cancer burden in Pakistan is higher than the WHO target. Estimates are sensitive to health seeking behavior, and appropriate physician diagnostic intervention, factors that are relevant to the case of cervical cancer, a stigmatized disease in a low-lower middle income country setting. These estimates make the case for approaching cervical cancer elimination through a multi-pronged strategy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.