Observational studyBMC endocrine disorders2023
Retinal microvascular changes in diabetic patients with diabetic nephropathy.
Observational study in BMC endocrine disorders, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Chain mediating effect of social support and psychological resilience between quality of discharge teaching and readiness for hospital discharge in patients with diabetic retinopathy surgery.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Clinical Utility of Urinary Cystatin C in Early Screening and Staging of Diabetic Kidney Disease in Type 2 Diabetes.International journal of endocrinology · 2026Article
- Changes of retinal microvascular parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with or without diabetic kidney disease.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Diabetic retinopathy severity is associated with renal function deterioration in patients with diabetic kidney disease: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Association between cerebral lesions and the severity of diabetic cardiovascular disease, retinopathy, and nephropathy-new lessons to learn from neuroimaging.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2025Review
- Association between controlling nutritional status score and chronic kidney disease in diabetic patients: a cross-sectional study based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.International urology and nephrology · 2024Article
- Relationship between Biochemical Pathways and Non-Coding RNAs Involved in the Progression of Diabetic Retinopathy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Evaluating the potential of retinal photography in chronic kidney disease detection: a review.PeerJ · 2024Review
- A semantic segmentation method to analyze retinal vascular parameters of diabetic nephropathy.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTo explore the characteristics of retina microvascular changes in patients with diabetic nephropathy (DN) and its risk factors.
methodsRetrospective, observational study. 145 patients with type 2 diabetic mellitus (DM) and DN were included in the study. Demographic and clinical parameters were obtained from medical records. Presence of diabetic retinopathy (DR), hard exudates (HEs) and diabetic macular edema (DME) were evaluated according to the color fundus images, optical coherence tomography (OCT) and fluorescence angiography (FFA).
resultsDR accounted for 61.4% in type 2 DM patients with DN, of which proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) accounted for 23.6% and sight threatening DR accounted for 35.7%. DR group had significantly higher levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (p = 0.004), HbA1c (P = 0.037), Urine albumin creatine ratio (ACR) (p < 0.001) and lower level of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (P = 0.013). Logistic regression analysis showed DR was significantly associated with ACR stage (p = 0.011). Subjects with ACR stage3 had higher incidence of DR compared with subjects with ACR stage1 (OR = 24.15, 95%CI: 2.06-282.95). 138 eyes of 138 patients were analyzed for HEs and DME, of which 23.2% had HEs in posterior pole and 9.4% had DME. Visual acuity was worse in HEs group than in non-HEs group. There was significant difference in the LDL-C cholesterol level, total cholesterol (CHOL) level and ACR between HEs group and non-HEs group.
conclusionsA relatively higher prevalence of DR was found in type 2 DM patients with DN. ACR stage could be recognized as a risk factor for DR in DN patients. Patients with DN needs ophthalmic examination more timely and more frequently.
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