ArticleBMC pulmonary medicine2023
Clinical outcomes of immune checkpoint inhibitors to treat non-small cell lung cancer patients harboring epidermal growth factor receptor mutations.
Article in BMC pulmonary medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunotherapy for TKI-resistant, EGFR L858R-mutated non-small cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized and single-arm studies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Smoking-associated modulation of gut microbiota shapes response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2026Article
- Immunotherapy efficacy between exon 19 deletion and exon 21 L858R mutation in advanced EGFR mutant non-small-cell lung cancer: a direct and indirect meta-analysis.Translational lung cancer research · 2025Article
- Effects of Tp53 Gene Mutations on the Survival of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC); A Short Review.Cancer management and research · 2025Review
- Optimizing first-line TKI treatment efficacy in PD-L1-positive EGFR-mutated NSCLC: the impact of antiangiogenic agents.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Editorial: Community series in immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors for non-small cell lung cancer, colon cancer, and esophageal cancer, volume II.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundWe aimed to determine the clinical. outcomes of various immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) combinations for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations. The results predicted the treatment efficacy of these combinations.
methodsFrom July 15, 2016 to March 22, 2022, 85 NSCLC patients with EGFR mutations, enrolled at the Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, received ICI combinations after resistance to prior EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs). These patients were diagnosed with EGFR mutations using an amplification refractory mutation system PCR (ARMS-PCR) and next-generation sequencing (NGS). Survival times were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test.
resultsPatients who received ICIs combined with anti-angiogenic therapy had longer progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) than patients who received ICIs combined with chemotherapy. There was no significant difference in survival time between patients who received ICIs combined with chemotherapy and anti-angiogenic therapy and patients who received ICIs combined with anti-angiogenic therapy or ICIs combined with chemotherapy, which was due to the limitation sample size of patients who received ICIs combined with chemotherapy and anti-angiogenic therapy. Patients with L858R mutations had a longer PFS and OS than patients with exon 19 deletions. T790M negative patients benefited more from ICI combinations, compared with T790M positive patients. In addition, there was no significant difference in PFS and OS between patients with TP53 co-mutations and patients without a TP53 co-mutation. We also found that patients with prior first-generation EGFR-TKI resistance had longer PFS and OS than prior third-generation EGFR-TKI resistance patients. There was no new adverse event in this study.
conclusionsEGFR-mutated patients who received ICIs combined with anti-angiogenic therapy had longer PFS and OS than patients with ICIs combined with chemotherapy. Patients with L858R or without T790M mutation benefited more from ICI combinations. Besides, patients with prior first-generation EGFR-TKI resistance could benefit more from ICIs combinations than prior third-generation EGFR-TKI resistance patients.
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