ArticleScientific reports2023
In vitro and in vivo susceptibility to sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine of Toxoplasma gondii strains isolated from Brazilian free wild birds.
Article in Scientific reports, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
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8 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Characterization of ovine abortion in Uruguay reveals extensive non-clonal diversity and multiple evolutionary origins of Toxoplasma gondii.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- One Health, many voices: advances and challenges in toxoplasmosis discussed at the VII Brazilian symposium and IV international symposium on toxoplasmosis.One health outlook · 2026Article
- Emerging Ocular Pathogen Resistance and Clinically Used Solutions: A Problem That Is More than Meets the Eye.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
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- Antiproliferative and Morphological Analysis Triggered by Drugs Contained in the Medicines for Malaria Venture COVID-Box AgainstMicroorganisms · 2024Article
- BONCAT-iTRAQ Labelling Reveals Molecular Markers of Adaptive Responses inPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Rapid genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii isolates via Nanopore-based multi-locus sequencing.AMB Express · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Little is known about the existence of drug-resistant Toxoplasma gondii strains and their possible impact on clinic outcomes. To expand our knowledge about the existence of natural variations on drug susceptibility of T. gondii strains in Brazil, we evaluated the in vitro and in vivo susceptibility to sulfadiazine (SDZ) and pyrimethamine (PYR) of three atypical strains (Wild2, Wild3, and Wild4) isolated from free-living wild birds. In vitro susceptibility assay showed that the three strains were equally susceptible to SDZ and PYR but variations in the susceptibility were observed to SDZ plus PYR treatment. Variations in the proliferation rates in vitro and spontaneous conversion to bradyzoites were also accessed for all strains. Wild2 showed a lower cystogenesis capacity compared to Wild3 and Wild4. The in vivo analysis showed that while Wild3 was highly susceptible to all SDZ and PYR doses, and their combination, Wild2 and Wild4 showed low susceptibility to the lower doses of SDZ or PYR. Interestingly, Wild2 presented low susceptibility to the higher doses of SDZ, PYR and their combination. Our results suggest that the variability in treatment response by T. gondii isolates could possibly be related not only to drug resistance but also to the strain cystogenesis capacity.
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