ArticlePain management nursing : official journal of the American Society of Pain Management Nurses2023
Pain Assessment Disparities by Race, Ethnicity, and Language in Adult Hospitalized Patients.
Article in Pain management nursing : official journal of the American Society of Pain Management Nurses, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
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- The Lived Experience of Pediatric Pain Management: Insights From Families and Providers.Journal of patient experience · 2026Article
- Analgesia in trauma patients treated by advanced life support nursing units: a retrospective pre-post intervention observational study.Revista latino-americana de enfermagem · 2026Observational
- Trauma Prevention Care in Natural Disaster-prone Areas: Concept Analysis.Acta medica Philippina · 2026Article
- Inequities in Opioid Administration by Race and Ethnicity for Hospitalized Patients With and Without Substance Use Disorders.Journal of general internal medicine · 2025Article
- Navigating the light and shadow of scientific publishing faced with machine learning and generative AI.European journal of pain (London, England) · 2025Review
- Dysmenorrhea Among Women Living in Saudi Arabia: Prevalence, Determinants, and Impact.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Regarding the Pain of Others? Contradictions Between Public Discourse and the Lived Experience of Pain.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Assessing for differences in opioid administration during inpatient end-of-life care for patients with limited English proficiency.Journal of hospital medicine · 2024Article
- Breaking barriers: Exploring the Full Cup Test (FCT) pain scale at a tertiary care hospital.Pakistan journal of medical sciences · 2024Article
- From stepping stones to scaling mountains: overcoming racialized disparities in pain management.Pain management · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
aimNurses assess patients' pain using several validated tools. It is not known what disparities exist in pain assessment for medicine inpatients. Our purpose was to measure differences in pain assessment across patient characteristics, including race, ethnicity, and language status.
methodsRetrospective cohort study of adult general medicine inpatients from 2013 to 2021. The primary exposures were race/ethnicity and limited English proficiency (LEP) status. The primary outcomes were 1) the type and odds of which pain assessment tool nursing used and 2) the relationship between pain assessments and daily opioid administration.
resultsOf 51,602 patient hospitalizations, 46.1% were white, 17.4% Black, 16.5% Asian, and 13.2% Latino. 13.2% of patients had LEP. The most common pain assessment tool was the Numeric Rating Scale (68.1%), followed by the Verbal Descriptor Scale (23.7%). Asian patients and patients with LEP were less likely to have their pain documented numerically. In multivariable logistic regression, patients with LEP (OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.58-0.65) and Asian patients (OR 0.74, 95% CI 0.70-0.78) had the lowest odds of numeric ratings. Latino, Multi-Racial, and patients classified as Other also had lower odds than white patients of numeric ratings. Asian patients and patients with LEP received the fewest daily opioids across all pain assessment categories.
conclusionsAsian patients and patients with LEP were less likely than other patient groups to have a numeric pain assessment and received the fewest opioids. These inequities may serve as the basis for the development of equitable pain assessment protocols.
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Registered trials
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